{"items":[{"id":"1da42c46-3e57-4b5e-aac5-f70e82194ddc","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.1da42c46","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-44.723 -49.734261,-29.442793 -49.878219,-14.925962 -49.875074,-0.397477 -49.974467,15.156363 -50.018258,29.721389 -49.979477,48.024789 -49.795241,60.084436 -50.078243,75.499095 -49.917154,89.894034 -49.946242,105.87782 -49.675157,120.325533 -49.924936,137.03911 -49.795099,150.089738 -49.659577,164.992382 -50.002542,179.849065 -49.935124,-162.455797 -49.985899,-150.21469 -49.909707,-133.668346 -50.134083,-119.509428 -49.536828,-101.53222 -50.105501,-89.894236 -49.875821,-74.211027 -49.61844,-60.394016 -49.907408,-44.723 -49.734261)))","bbox":[-162.455797,-50.134083,179.849065,-49.536828],"createdBy":"332bd9df-7956-4965-9540-e459247172ba","modifiedBy":"332bd9df-7956-4965-9540-e459247172ba","publishedBy":"332bd9df-7956-4965-9540-e459247172ba","created":"2026-10-23T15:22:06Z","modified":"2026-10-28T15:46:44Z","published":"2026-10-28T15:40:05Z","content":{"summary":"Quantarctica Version 4 is an open-access geospatial data package for Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, and Subantarctic islands. Developed by the Norwegian Polar Institute and international collaborators, it provides a curated collection of nearly 640 GIS data layers spanning nine scientific themes, terrain models, satellite imagery, and basemaps. Version 4 represents the first major update since the release of Quantarctica Version 3 in 2017. It incorporates numerous new datasets, reflecting advances in Antarctic research over the past decade. While the individual datasets are distributed in standard geospatial formats (GeoTIFF JPEG, JPEG2000 and Shapefile), and can be used independently in a wide range of software environments, Quantarctica is developed and optimized for use with QGIS 3.44.15-2. The package provides a harmonised GIS environment with consistent cartographic styling, metadata, and documentation, facilitating data discovery, visualisation, analysis, and map production for research, education, environmental management, and operational planning. Quantarctica Version 4 is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence, permitting unrestricted use, modification, and redistribution, provided appropriate credit is given to Quantarctica and the original data sources.","title":"Quantarctica Version 4: Integrated Geospatial Data Package for Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, and Subantarctic Islands","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CLIMATE INDICATORS","term":"CRYOSPHERIC INDICATORS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"LAND SURFACE","term":"TOPOGRAPHY"}],"links":[{"href":"https://sites.npolar.no/quantarctica/","title":"Quantarctica Project Page","rel":"project"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-44.723,-49.734261],[-29.442793,-49.878219],[-14.925962,-49.875074],[-0.397477,-49.974467],[15.156363,-50.018258],[29.721389,-49.979477],[48.024789,-49.795241],[60.084436,-50.078243],[75.499095,-49.917154],[89.894034,-49.946242],[105.87782,-49.675157],[120.325533,-49.924936],[137.03911,-49.795099],[150.089738,-49.659577],[164.992382,-50.002542],[179.849065,-49.935124],[-162.455797,-49.985899],[-150.21469,-49.909707],[-133.668346,-50.134083],[-119.509428,-49.536828],[-101.53222,-50.105501],[-89.894236,-49.875821],[-74.211027,-49.61844],[-60.394016,-49.907408],[-44.723,-49.734261]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3031"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Kenichi","lastName":"Matsuoka","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"kenichi.matsuoka@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-3587-3405","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Anders","lastName":"Skoglund","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"anders.skoglund@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Lotte","lastName":"Wendt","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"lotte.wendt@npolar.no","orcid":"0009-0008-7408-9761","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Anirudha","lastName":"Mahagaonkar","organisation":"National Center for Polar and Ocean Research","email":"anirudhavm@ncpor.res.in","orcid":"0000-0001-5013-3248","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Stein","lastName":"Tronstad","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"stein.tronstad@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-9743-7211","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Daniela","lastName":"Cajiao","organisation":"Wageningen University \u0026 Research","email":"danicajiao@gmail.com","orcid":"0000-0003-0816-2138","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Alexander","lastName":"Fraser","organisation":"Australian Antarctic Program Partnership","email":"alexander.fraser@utas.edu.au","orcid":"0000-0003-1924-0015","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Benjamin","lastName":"Hills","organisation":"Colorado School of Mines","email":"benjaminhhills@gmail.com","orcid":"0000-0003-4490-7416","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Rachel","lastName":"Leihy","organisation":"Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Monash University","email":"rachel.leihy@deeca.vic.gov.au","orcid":"0000-0001-9672-625X","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Daniela","lastName":"Liggett","organisation":"University of Canterbury","email":"daniela.liggett@canterbury.ac.nz","orcid":"0000-0003-4184-5205","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Sebastien","lastName":"Moreau","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"Sebastien.Moreau@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9446-812X","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Yoshihiro","lastName":"Nakayama","organisation":"Dartmouth College, Hokkaido University","email":"yoshihiro.nakayama@dartmouth.edu","orcid":"0000-0001-6543-529X","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Brice","lastName":"Noël","organisation":"University of Liège","email":"bnoel@uliege.be","orcid":"0000-0002-7159-5369","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Guy","lastName":"Paxman","organisation":"Durham University","email":"guy.j.paxman@durham.ac.uk","orcid":"0000-0003-1787-7442","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Mattia","lastName":"Poinelli","organisation":"University of California, Los Angeles","email":"mattiap@ucla.edu","orcid":"0000-0003-0637-2166","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Catherine","lastName":"Ritz","organisation":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes / CNRS","email":"catherine.ritz@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr","orcid":"0000-0003-0785-8571","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Antonia","lastName":"Ruppel","organisation":"Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources","email":"antonia.ruppel@bgr.de","orcid":"0000-0001-5101-411X","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Elisa","lastName":"Seyboth","organisation":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande","email":"elisaseyboth@gmail.com","orcid":"0000-0002-1506-0861","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Mirko","lastName":"Scheinert","organisation":"TUD Dresden University of Technology","email":"Mirko.Scheinert@tu-dresden.de","orcid":"0000-0002-0892-8941","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Luke","lastName":"Trusel","organisation":"Pennsylvania State University","email":"trusel@psu.edu","orcid":"0000-0002-7792-6173","roles":["author","editor","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"1975-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"9c78bfd9-b308-4883-ad20-dcb8f7b281d6"},{"id":"0019905f-f08b-465d-b897-bb3e3e649439","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.0019905f","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((15.560122 81.610398,25.477004 81.873674,23.224066 83.909093,15.560122 81.610398)))","bbox":[15.560122,81.610398,25.477004,83.909093],"createdBy":"5d04c0d1-b975-418d-b657-0f4362b2a604","modifiedBy":"5d04c0d1-b975-418d-b657-0f4362b2a604","publishedBy":"5d04c0d1-b975-418d-b657-0f4362b2a604","created":"2026-10-09T12:10:11Z","modified":"2026-10-12T13:59:52Z","published":"2026-10-12T12:50:14Z","content":{"summary":"The data was collected during the Micro-SHIFT cruise in May 2025 (cruise number: MS7006) onboard the research vessel RV Kronprins Haakon (cruise report: https://data.npolar.no/dataset/90e39c2b-fd7f-44d7-a58c-866f8dea66de). The expedition was a 20-day drift study. The dataset contains individual counts, abundance and biomass of mesozooplankton (\u003e 90 µm) collected from 10-0 m and 50-0 m with a hand-deployed WP2 net (mesh size: 90 µm; inner diameter: 56 cm) through a hole in the sea ice. Mesozooplankton were identified and counted with a stereo microscopy and results are given as Individuals per liter (cells/L) and Individuals per square meter (Ind/m2). Biomass (μg C Ind.-1 per m2) was only determined for alive individuals according to carbon contents for mesozoplankton taxa based on size measurements and literature.","title":"Mesozooplankton biodiversity from the Micro-SHIFT cruise May 2025 (cruise number: 2025007006): individual counts, abundance and biomass","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"MARINE ECOSYSTEMS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"MARINE ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel2":"PELAGIC"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS","variableLevel1":"COMMUNITY DYNAMICS","variableLevel2":"BIODIVERSITY FUNCTIONS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION","term":"ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"}],"links":[{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/90e39c2b-fd7f-44d7-a58c-866f8dea66de","title":"Micro-SHIFT cruise report","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://uit.no/project/microshift","title":"Micro-SHIFT project page","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/2823a0c8-4629-494c-b7ce-7f89190b2db9/file","title":"Sea-ice meiofauna biodiversity","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/479400b4-6ff0-4258-932d-bee9293b6e03","title":"Under-ice fauna biodiversity","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://ipt.gbif.no/resource?r=zoo_ms7006","title":"This dataset on GBIF","rel":"parent"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[15.560122,81.610398],[25.477004,81.873674],[23.224066,83.909093],[15.560122,81.610398]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Hanna","lastName":"Huntscha","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"hahun8781@uit.no","roles":["author","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Miriam","lastName":"Marquardt","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"miriam.marquardt@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0003-2913-067X","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","processor"]},{"firstName":"Camilla","lastName":"Svensen","organisation":"The Arctic University of Norway","email":"camilla.svensen@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9577-3935","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"],"email":"postmottak@uit.no","url":"https://uit.no/startsida"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-05-12T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2025-05-28T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"e1709dbb-9f13-4cad-8836-878c09691385"},{"id":"479400b4-6ff0-4258-932d-bee9293b6e03","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.479400b4","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((13.515774 81.33026,22.828097 81.824515,22.610681 84.205976,13.515774 81.33026)))","bbox":[13.515774,81.33026,22.828097,84.205976],"createdBy":"5d04c0d1-b975-418d-b657-0f4362b2a604","modifiedBy":"5d04c0d1-b975-418d-b657-0f4362b2a604","publishedBy":"5d04c0d1-b975-418d-b657-0f4362b2a604","created":"2026-10-08T12:25:28Z","modified":"2026-10-12T14:07:43Z","published":"2026-10-08T12:40:00Z","content":{"summary":"The data was collected during the Micro-SHIFT cruise in May 2025 (cruise number: MS7006) onboard the research vessel RV Kronprins Haakon (cruise report: https://data.npolar.no/dataset/90e39c2b-fd7f-44d7-a58c-866f8dea66de). The expedition was a 20-day drift study. The dataset contains individual countas, abundance and biomass of under-ice water (UiW) fauna (\u003e 20 µm) collected with an manual hand pump directly under the sea ice (approx. 25-30L per replicate) per sampling cycle. UiW fauna were identified and counted with a stereo microscopy and results are given as Individuals per liter (cells/L). Biomass (μg C Ind.-1 per L) was only determined for alive individuals according to carbon contents for UiW fauna taxa based on literature according to Marquardt et al. 2023 and references within in (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103128).","title":"Under-ice water fauna biodiversity from the Micro-SHIFT cruise May 2025 (cruise number: 2025007006): individual counts, abundance and biomass","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"MARINE ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel2":"PELAGIC"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS","variableLevel1":"COMMUNITY DYNAMICS","variableLevel2":"BIODIVERSITY FUNCTIONS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION","term":"ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"MARINE ECOSYSTEMS"}],"links":[{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/90e39c2b-fd7f-44d7-a58c-866f8dea66de","title":"Micro-SHIFT cruise report","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://uit.no/project/microshift","title":"Micro-SHIFT project page","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/2823a0c8-4629-494c-b7ce-7f89190b2db9","title":"Sea-ice meiofauna biodiversity - Related dataset","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://www.gbif.org/dataset/0d6fbb8b-0cec-48b5-8f29-76d0b67e6cec","title":"This dataset on GBIF","rel":"parent"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2026.0019905F","title":"Mesozooplankton biodiversity","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[13.515774,81.33026],[22.828097,81.824515],[22.610681,84.205976],[13.515774,81.33026]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Hanna","lastName":"Huntscha","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"hahun8781@uit.no","roles":["author","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Miriam","lastName":"Marquardt","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"miriam.marquardt@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0003-2913-067X","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","processor"]},{"firstName":"Camilla","lastName":"Svensen","organisation":"The Arctic University of Norway","email":"camilla.svensen@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9577-3935","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor","resourceProvider"],"email":"postmottak@uit.no","url":"https://uit.no/startsida"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-05-12T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2025-05-28T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"8c4fefee-3dd2-4938-b513-56bf29a49487"},{"id":"b8425a7d-fad4-451f-ac4b-188f24a09156","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.b8425a7d","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((26.106066 84.653878,4.45067 80.251813,30.419974 81.034467,26.106066 84.653878)))","bbox":[4.45067,80.251813,30.419974,84.653878],"createdBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","modifiedBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","publishedBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","created":"2026-09-24T13:51:06Z","modified":"2026-10-28T10:39:12Z","published":"2026-10-28T10:39:12Z","content":{"summary":"Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) data collected from the research vessel rosette during the ERC StG (no. 101162830) Micro-SHIFT (Microbial life of Sea ice Habitats Investigated for the Arctic) 2025 sea ice drift study aboard RV Kronprins Haakon (IMR 2025007006). Daily casts were done between 11-29 May, 2025 during the drift study. Refer to page 40 of the cruise report (https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2025.90E39C2B) for technical information of CTD array.","title":"Ship-based CTD, Micro-SHIFT sea ice drift: North of Svalbard in May 2025","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"MARINE ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel2":"PELAGIC","variableLevel3":"OCEANIC ZONE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY","variableLevel1":"OCEAN SALINITY"}],"links":[{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/90e39c2b-fd7f-44d7-a58c-866f8dea66de","title":"Cruise Report","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://uit.no/project/microshift","title":"Project","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[26.106066,84.653878],[4.45067,80.251813],[30.419974,81.034467],[26.106066,84.653878]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Zoe","lastName":"Koenig","email":"zoe.c.koenig@uit.no","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Karley","lastName":"Campbell","email":"karley.l.campbell@uit.no","roles":["principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT the Arctic University of Norway","roles":["resourceProvider"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-05-10T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2025-05-28T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"6578d49f-4f2a-46b3-8f49-4cc41c23d57f"},{"id":"1c4995b3-89c8-43bf-9595-9e2f77321335","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.1c4995b3","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((7.866211 80.675559,34.584961 80.681728,34.541016 76.455203,7.866211 76.453831,7.866211 80.675559)))","bbox":[7.866211,76.453831,34.584961,80.681728],"createdBy":"816e0a9a-b1b7-4ba3-a005-d2f6928fe535","modifiedBy":"816e0a9a-b1b7-4ba3-a005-d2f6928fe535","publishedBy":"816e0a9a-b1b7-4ba3-a005-d2f6928fe535","created":"2026-09-15T10:48:09Z","modified":"2026-09-15T11:01:36Z","published":"2026-09-15T11:01:36Z","content":{"summary":"This dataset presents a new glacier inventory for Svalbard digitized from Sentinel-2 imagery acquired during the summer of 2020. The new inventory is the first to be derived wholly from imagery obtained within a single year. The total area of the new inventory is 32,573 km2, representing 54% of the total land area of the archipelago. About 70% of Svalbard’s glacierized area drains through marine-terminating glacier fronts. \n\nThis dataset is an update of a previous version, based on the same imagery (Lith et al., 2021)\n\nGI_2020 is an update of a previous complete GI based on satellite imagery from 2000-2010 (Nuth et al., 2013; König et al., 2013) which has been the reference dataset for Svalbard glacier outlines in GLIMS Glacier Database and the Randolph Glacier Inventory. Earlier GIs based on aerial imagery with partial coverage are also available from the same source, as well as from a study of historical 1930s imagery by Geyman et al. (2022).\nDivides between glacier units flowing from icefields and icecaps were updated using a digital elevation model covering the period 2008-2012 (NPI, 2014). In some cases with major topographic change due to glacier surging, newer elevation data from ArcticDEMs (Porter et al., 2022) were used to make sure divides are representative for the 2020 reference year, e.g. for Austfonna ice cap. \n\nGLIMS ID attributes will be assigned by GLIMS and added to the dataset later. Use the attribute IDENT to connect data with the historic GIs.\n\nReferences:\n\nGeyman, E., W. van Pelt, A. Maloof, H.F. Aas, J. Kohler (2022). Historical record of glacier change on Svalbard predicts doubling of 21st century mass loss. Nature 601, 374–379. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04314-4\n\nGeyman, E., W. van Pelt, A. Maloof, H.F. Aas, J. Kohler (2021). 1936/1938 DEM of Svalbard [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2021.f6afca5c\n\nKönig, M., J. Kohler, C. Nuth (2013). Glacier Area Outlines - Svalbard 1936-2010 [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2013.89f430f8\n\nLith A, Moholdt G and Kohler J (2021) Svalbard glacier inventory based on Sentinel-2 imagery from summer 2020, v. 1 [Dataset], Norwegian Polar Institute (doi:10.21334/NPOLAR.2021.1B8631BF)\n\nNuth, C., J. Kohler, M. König, A. von Deschwanden, J.O. Hagen, A. Kääb, G. Moholdt, R. Pettersson (2013). Decadal changes from a multi-temporal glacier inventory of Svalbard. The Cryosphere 7, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-1603-2013\n\nNorwegian Polar Institute (2014). Terrengmodell Svalbard (S0 Terrengmodell) [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2014.dce53a47\n\nNorwegian Polar Institute (2023). Satellittbildemosaikk av Svalbard (Sentinel2, 2020) [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2023.e02f479b\n\nPorter, C., et al. (2022), “ArcticDEM – Strips, Version 4.1”, Harvard Dataverse, V1. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/C98DVS","title":"Svalbard glacier inventory based on Sentinel-2 imagery from summer 2020","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[7.866211,80.675559],[34.584961,80.681728],[34.541016,76.455203],[7.866211,76.453831],[7.866211,80.675559]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3857"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Jack","lastName":"Kohler","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"jack.kohler@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Geir","lastName":"Moholdt","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"geir.moholdt@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Aniek","lastName":"Lith","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"aniek.lith@npolar.no","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2020-06-30T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"186931b5-7bed-4d8b-8754-ebbc66ae69d0"},{"id":"26f7aa37-78bc-46fa-8da9-f890fbdfe7b3","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.26f7aa37","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((9.624023 80.63989,34.519043 80.643463,34.541016 76.310358,9.667969 76.36088,9.624023 80.63989)))","bbox":[9.624023,76.310358,34.541016,80.643463],"createdBy":"816e0a9a-b1b7-4ba3-a005-d2f6928fe535","modifiedBy":"816e0a9a-b1b7-4ba3-a005-d2f6928fe535","publishedBy":"816e0a9a-b1b7-4ba3-a005-d2f6928fe535","created":"2026-09-14T13:49:39Z","modified":"2026-09-15T10:20:01Z","published":"2026-09-15T10:20:01Z","content":{"summary":"Hagen and others (1993) compiled the first inventory of Svalbard glaciers,  which comprises 1,027 individually identified glacier flow units larger than one square kilometer. This dataset is a digitized version of the Main Data Table, with the following corrections: the area for Petermannbreen (11106) is corrected from 1.8 km2 to 180 km2; the area for Manchesterbreen (16816) is corrected from 19.0 km2 to 6.9 km2, based on the Nuth and others (2013) inventory value derived from a 1966 NPI map; and some latitude and longitude values are also corrected. \n\nReference\n\nHagen JO, Liestøl O, Roland E and Jørgensen T (1993) Glacier atlas of Svalbard and Jan Mayen, Meddelelser 129, Norwegian Polar Institute, Oslo.\nNuth C, Kohler J, König M, von Deschwanden A, Hagen JO, Kääb A, Moholdt G and Pettersson R (2013) Decadal changes from a multi-temporal glacier inventory of Svalbard. Cryosphere 7, 1603–1621 (doi:10.5194/tc-7-1603-2013)","title":"Hagen et al. 1993 Glacier Atlas of Svalbard and Jan Mayen: Main data table","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[9.624023,80.63989],[34.519043,80.643463],[34.541016,76.310358],[9.667969,76.36088],[9.624023,80.63989]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3857"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Jack","lastName":"Kohler","organisation":"NPI","email":"jack.kohler@2npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"1992-12-31T23:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"dcc38f43-c8ff-48ff-8b23-e3f277940621"},{"id":"bb8cc560-80bd-4da9-a4d9-50b2a04952bb","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.bb8cc560","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((9.977949 80.76085,20.507109 81.451349,20.141413 83.177192,13.518069 83.091904,9.977949 80.76085)))","bbox":[9.977949,80.76085,20.507109,83.177192],"createdBy":"b5605f8c-d7df-4018-9c45-910d536790ff","modifiedBy":"b5605f8c-d7df-4018-9c45-910d536790ff","publishedBy":"b5605f8c-d7df-4018-9c45-910d536790ff","created":"2026-09-14T13:04:23Z","modified":"2026-09-14T13:27:46Z","published":"2026-09-14T13:27:46Z","content":{"summary":"The Micro-SHIFT cruise in May 2025 was a drift study onboard the R\\V Kronprins Haakon. The ship was moored to a single ice floe for a duration of 22 days, which allowed for repeat observations of the same ice floe over time. In this context, several drone flights were conducted over the drifting ice station to collect high-resolution imagery of the sea ice surface at different times during the campaign. This data set contains a set of orthophoto mosaics generated from these images. An overview of the flights, data processing, and data set structure is provided in the README file.\n\nThe data was collected as part of the Micro-SHIFT2025 cruise (IMR cruise ID 20257006). For more details about the drone operations, sampling strategies, and associated activities, please consult the cruise report published here:\n\n- Campbell, K., Itkin, P., McKay, R., Lenss, M., Laber, C., Marquardt, M., Bornemann, H., Braakmann-Folgmann, A., Brusselmann, A., Chamberlain, E., Czarny, A., Dalman, L., Diers, G., Ozan, E., Fabris, M., Gachter, M., Given, C., Kanaan, G., Katlein, C., ... Wyatt, S. (2025). Cruise report for Micro-SHIFT sea ice drift: North of Svalbard, May 2025 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2025.90E39C2B\n\nOther datasets in this cruise collection include:\n\n- Itkin, P., Braakmann-Folgmann, A., \u0026 Taelman, C. (2025). Snow pits from Micro-SHIFT cruise, sea ice north of Svalbard, May 2025 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2025.A0D0134A\n- Itkin, P., Braakmann-Folgmann, A., Taelman, C., \u0026 Dalman, L. (2025). Sea ice core temperature and salinity from Micro-SHIFT cruise, North of Svalbard, May 2025 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2025.05A774FF\n- Itkin, P. (2025). Snow depth and sea ice thickness from ground transects from Micro-SHIFT cruise, North of Svalbard, May 2025 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2025.DF92336B\n- Koenig, Z. (2026). Ship-based CTD, Micro-SHIFT sea ice drift: North of Svalbard, May 2025 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2026.57C3317A\n- Huntscha, H., Marquardt, M., \u0026 Svensen, C. (2026). Sea-ice meiofauna biodiversity from the Micro-SHIFT cruise May 2025 (cruise number: 2025007006): individual counts, abundance and biomass [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2026.2823A0C8\n\nSee also [Micro-SHIFT](https://en.uit.no/project/microshift) web page.","title":"A time series of drone-based optical orthophoto mosaics of the drifting sea ice station during the Micro-SHIFT cruise, North of Svalbard, May 2025","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SEA ICE","variableLevel1":"SEA ICE TOPOGRAPHY"}],"links":[{"href":"https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2025.90E39C2B","title":"Micro-SHIFT cruise report","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[9.977949,80.76085],[20.507109,81.451349],[20.141413,83.177192],[13.518069,83.091904],[9.977949,80.76085]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Catherine","lastName":"Taelman","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"catherine.c.taelman@uit.no","orcid":"0009-0005-5742-6680","roles":["author","pointOfContact"]},{"firstName":"Anne","lastName":"Braakmann-Folgmann","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"anne.bf@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0003-4942-8545","roles":["author","pointOfContact"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["author","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"]},{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-05-10T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2025-05-28T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"ec1e03a6-6d92-4fdf-be90-335cb8714374"},{"id":"6581f94e-d88d-4237-a555-712d19b1e527","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.6581f94e","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-180 50,-170 50,-160 50,-150 50,-140 50,-130 50,-120 50,-110 50,-100 50,-90 50,-80 50,-70 50,-60 50,-50 50,-40 50,-30 50,-20 50,-10 50,0 50,10 50,20 50,30 50,40 50,50 50,60 50,70 50,80 50,90 50,100 50,110 50,120 50,130 50,140 50,150 50,160 50,170 50,180 50,180 90,-180 90,-180 50)))","bbox":[-180,50,180,90],"createdBy":"43b0e34a-8b85-49de-932a-3e4bdc553742","modifiedBy":"43b0e34a-8b85-49de-932a-3e4bdc553742","publishedBy":"43b0e34a-8b85-49de-932a-3e4bdc553742","created":"2026-09-04T12:38:26Z","modified":"2026-09-08T19:45:00Z","published":"2026-09-04T18:41:17Z","content":{"summary":"# CryoSat-2 sea ice thickness observations for the Arctic Ocean\nThis dataset presents gridded sea ice thickness and uncertainty observations for the Arctic derived from the European Space Agency satellite mission CryoSat-2. Data are provided on a biweekely timestep with a spatial resolution of 80 km, mapped onto a Northern Polar Stereographic Grid, covering the Arctic region north of 50 degrees latitude, for all months of the year between October 2010 and April 2025. This is Version 2 of the dataset published [here](https://doi.org/10.5285/d8c66670-57ad-44fc-8fef-942a46734ecb).\n\n# Dataset versions\nTwo versions of the dataset are provided. Each version is based on identical CryoSat-2 radar freeboard observations, and uses the same sea ice density parameterization to convert freeboards to estimates for ice thickness. However, each version uses a different auxiliary estimate for the snow loading on sea ice:\n## uit_sit_smlg_biweekly_v2north_polarstereo_80km_yyyymmdd_v2p0\nVersion 2.0 is generated with a Lagrangian snow evolution scheme [SnowModel-LG](https://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0758/versions/1), using MERRA2 atmospheric forcing as input. The timespan of this version is limited to October 2010 - July 2023 based on the input snow data.\n## uit_sit_aW99smlgclimatology_biweekly_v2north_polarstereo_80km_yyyymmdd_v2p1\nVersion 2.1 is generated with a seasonal climatology of snow depth and density, created for the ESA Cryo-TEMPO project from SnowModel-LG-MERRA2 and the [Warren et al. (1999)](https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012\u003c1814:SDOASI\u003e2.0.CO;2) snow climatology. The Warren99 climatology is valid inside the Central Arctic region and is merged with the mean seasonal SnowModel-LG climatology for 2010-2022 outside this region. Inside the Warren99 zone snow depth is reduced by half over first-year ice, following [Kurtz and Farrell, 2011](https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049216). The timespan of this version is from October 2010 - April 2025.\n\n# Brief description of the processor\nCryoSat-2 Level 1b Baseline-E observed radar waveforms have been retracked and classified using two different approaches, one for the 'cold season' months of October-April and the second for 'melting season' months of May-September. The cold season approach is based on the LARM algorithm described in Landy et al. ([2020](https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015820), [2026](https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2904)). The melting season approach is based on the methods described in [Dawson et al. (2022)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112744) and [Braakmann-Folgmann et al. (2026)](https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-905-2026). \nThe melting season sea ice radar freeboards require a correction for an electromagnetic range bias, as described in [Landy et al. (2022)](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05058-5). After applying the correction, year-round freeboards are converted to sea ice thickness using auxiliary satellite observations of the sea ice concentration and type, snow depth and density, and the sea ice density parameterization described in [Salganik et al. (2026)](https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.15007591/v1). The sea ice thickness uncertainties have been estimated by propagating uncertainties on individual terms of the sea ice thickness hydrostatic equation.\nA detailed review of the methods for generating this dataset will be provided in a forthcoming manuscript.\n\n# Data format\nNetCDF files containing pan-Arctic gridded sea ice thickness and its uncertainty, in addition to a set of intermediate parameters calculated in the ice thickness processing chain, including sea ice freeboard, snow depth and density, sea ice concentration, and multi-year ice fraction. Detailed descriptions of each parameter are provided in the variable attributes.\n\n# Funding support\nFunding was mainly provided by the ERC Starting Grant: SI/3D (Arctic Summer Sea Ice in 3D) Grant agreement ID: 101077496","title":"Year-round Arctic sea ice thickness from CryoSat-2 Baseline-E observations 2010-2025, V2","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE","variableLevel1":"FREEBOARD"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CLIMATE INDICATORS","term":"CRYOSPHERIC INDICATORS","variableLevel1":"SEA ICE ELEVATION"}],"links":[{"href":"https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101077496","title":"SI/3D Project","rel":"project"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-180,50],[-170,50],[-160,50],[-150,50],[-140,50],[-130,50],[-120,50],[-110,50],[-100,50],[-90,50],[-80,50],[-70,50],[-60,50],[-50,50],[-40,50],[-30,50],[-20,50],[-10,50],[0,50],[10,50],[20,50],[30,50],[40,50],[50,50],[60,50],[70,50],[80,50],[90,50],[100,50],[110,50],[120,50],[130,50],[140,50],[150,50],[160,50],[170,50],[180,50],[180,90],[-180,90],[-180,50]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Jack","lastName":"Landy","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"jack.c.landy@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0002-7372-1007","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Anne","lastName":"Braakmann-Folgmann","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","orcid":"0000-0003-4942-8545","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Evgenii","lastName":"Salganik","organisation":"Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung","orcid":"0000-0001-8383-7815","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["originator","owner","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2010-09-30T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2025-04-30T00:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"d299383d-910f-4597-9572-e2d66d08c312"},{"id":"2823a0c8-4629-494c-b7ce-7f89190b2db9","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.2823a0c8","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((19.794175 83.276687,11.296117 81.117832,20.058012 81.73216,19.794175 83.276687)))","bbox":[11.296117,81.117832,20.058012,83.276687],"createdBy":"5d04c0d1-b975-418d-b657-0f4362b2a604","modifiedBy":"5d04c0d1-b975-418d-b657-0f4362b2a604","publishedBy":"5d04c0d1-b975-418d-b657-0f4362b2a604","created":"2026-08-25T07:25:57Z","modified":"2026-10-12T14:06:21Z","published":"2026-08-25T08:04:41Z","content":{"summary":"The data was collected during the Micro-SHIFT cruise in May 2025 (cruise number: MS7006) onboard the research vessel RV Kronprins Haakon. The expedition was a 20-day drift study. The dataset contains individual countas, abundance and biomass of sea-ice meiofauna (\u003e 20 µm) including metazoans eggs and large protists such as foraminifers and ciliates. Sea-ice meiofauna were identified and counted with a stereo microscopy and results are given as Individuals per liter (cells/L) and Individuals per square meter (Ind/m2). Biomass (μg C Ind.-1 per L and per m2) was only determined for alive individuals according to carbon contents for ice meiofauna taxa based on literature according to Marquardt et al. 2023 and references within in (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103128). The project was funded through ERC StG (no. 101162830) Micro-SHIFT (Microbial life of Sea ice Habitats Investigated for the Arctic).","title":"Sea-ice meiofauna biodiversity from the Micro-SHIFT cruise May 2025 (cruise number: 2025007006): individual counts, abundance and biomass","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION","term":"PROTISTS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION","term":"ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS","variableLevel1":"COMMUNITY DYNAMICS","variableLevel2":"BIODIVERSITY FUNCTIONS"}],"links":[{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/90e39c2b-fd7f-44d7-a58c-866f8dea66de","title":"Micro-SHIFT cruise report","rel":"parent"},{"href":"https://uit.no/project/microshift","title":"Micro-SHIFT project page","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/479400b4-6ff0-4258-932d-bee9293b6e03","title":"Under-ice fauna biodiversity","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/0019905f-f08b-465d-b897-bb3e3e649439","title":"Mesozooplankton biodiversity","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://www.gbif.org/dataset/1f6d6d1e-1861-42ab-a3c5-cb32286278ae","title":"This dataset on GBIF","rel":"parent"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[19.794175,83.276687],[11.296117,81.117832],[20.058012,81.73216],[19.794175,83.276687]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Hanna","lastName":"Huntscha","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"hahun8781@uit.no","roles":["author","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Miriam","lastName":"Marquardt","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"miriam.marquardt@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0003-2913-067X","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","processor"]},{"firstName":"Camilla","lastName":"Svensen","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"camilla.svensen@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9577-3935","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"],"email":"postmottak@uit.no","url":"https://uit.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-05-12T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2025-05-28T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"dc099999-9f7b-45fd-ab9b-c865ffef45ea"},{"id":"8faa2954-0bf8-402a-82df-b74ce06eb117","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.8faa2954","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((20.242439 70.058691,20.834113 69.986129,20.252995 69.177659,19.708673 69.273619,20.242439 70.058691)))","bbox":[19.708673,69.177659,20.834113,70.058691],"createdBy":"d4f524b0-cf37-4987-92b2-4d715723b0ed","modifiedBy":"fe1c1215-cadd-47f5-8c98-b92559725f29","publishedBy":"d4f524b0-cf37-4987-92b2-4d715723b0ed","created":"2026-08-12T15:38:29Z","modified":"2026-08-17T14:00:30Z","published":"2026-08-17T08:08:40Z","content":{"summary":"1. Summary\n\nThese data were collected between 08.09.25 and 12.09.25 as part of the 2025 iC3 Field School. The dataset includes measurements of several biogeochemical parameters in water samples from twelve marine stations within Storfjorden and nine terrestrial stations across four river catchments. At each marine station, samples were simultaneously collected from 3-5 depths via Niskin bottles. At each terrestrial station, grab samples were taken of fast-flowing water, around 10 cm below the river surface. \n\nInternal expedition code: \n\n•\tiC3-25-4-FT (for terrestrial field data)\n\n•\tiC3-25-4-BP (for marine field data)\n\n2. Stations\n\nTerrestrial river sampling stations were named after their respective river or stream. The  connected name in Northern Sámi is noted below and based upon official naming based on the information provided from https://www.norgeskart.no/ . After the river or stream name the catchment position was defined by upper, middle or down section. \n\nFor the Marine stations the respective fjord was used for naming the individual stations; Storfjorden. Here the stations were numbered from low to high numbers, outer to inner fjord, respectively. Some numbers were followed by the first letter of its cardinal direction (West or East) with some stations transects consisting of a middle station as well. \n\nTerrestrial stations:\n\n•\tSTEIN-UP, Steindalselva (Gievdanjohka), upper river section, 2025-09-08, 69.391 N, 19.928 E\n\n•\tSTEIN-MID, Steindalselva (Gievdanjohka), middle river section, 2025-09-08, 69.389 N, 19.987 E\n\n•\tLYNG-MID-A, Lyngdalselva (Vuošváhjohka), middle river section, 2025-09-11, 69.461787 N, 20.049825 E\n\n•\tLYNG-MID-B, Lyngdalselva (Vuošváhjohka), middle river section, 2025-09-11, 69.445133 N, 20.096118 E\n\n•\tLYNG-DN, Lyngdalselva (Vuošváhjohka), down river section, 2025-09-11, 69.442481 N, 20.153567 E\n\n•\tSTEIN-DN, Steindalselva (Gievdanjohka), down river section, 2025-09-11, 69.373873 N, 20.004120 E\n\n•\tSTOR-DN, Stordalselva (Stuoraiohka), down river section, 2025-09-12, 69.338720 N, 19.952394 E\n\n•\tSIG-MID, Signaldalselva (Čiekŋaleatnu), down river section, 2025-09-12, 69.2511887 N, 19.924462 E\n\n•\tSKI-DN, Skibotnelva (Gálgojohka), down river section, 2025-09-12, 69.365292 N, 20.274346 E\n\nMarine Stations:\n\n•\tSF-01, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), first station, 2025-09-08, 70.008 N, 20.4084 E\n\n•\tSF-02, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), second station, 2025-09-11, 69.488 N, 20.2672 E\n\n•\tSF-04, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), fourth station, 2025-09-12, 69.357 N, 20.055 E\n\n•\tSF-05-W, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), fifth station west, 2025-09-12, 69.343 N, 19.99 E\n\n•\tSF-05-M, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), fifth station middle, 2025-09-12, 69.344 N, 20.006 E\n\n•\tSF-03-W, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), third station west, 2025-09-09, 69.444 N, 20.1882 E\n\n•\tSF-03-M, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), third station middle, 2025-09-09, 69.444 N, 20.226 E\n\n•\tSF-03-E, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), third station east, 2025-09-09, 69.446 N, 20.2582 E\n\n•\tSF-06, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), sixth station, 2025-09-12, 69.303 N, 19.946 E\n\n•\tSF-OUTLET-LYNG, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), river outlet to fjord, 2025-09-11, 69.447 N, 20.1675 E\n\n•\tSF-OUTLET-SKI, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), river outlet to fjord, 2025-09-11, 69.391 N, 20.2291 E\n\n•\tSF-OUTLET-STEIN, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), river outlet to fjord, 2025-09-12, 69.373 N, 20.062 E\n\nStandard depths:\n\n•\tFluvial sampling: Surface water samples collected from the riverbank.\n\n•\tMarine sampling: Deepest sample is collected 10 meter above see bottom, shallower water collections ranging from 50 to 2 meter below sea surface.\n\n3. Measured variables:\n\nHydrochemistry:\n\n•\tSuspended Particulate Matter – SPM concentration (mg/L)\n\nOrganic carbon and nutrients:\n\n•\tParticulate Organic Carbon - POC [µg C/L]\n\n•\tParticulate Organic Nitrogen - PON [µg N/L]\n\n•\tTotal Particulate Nitrogen - TPN [µg N/L]\n\n•\tDissolved Organic Carbon - DOC (as NPOC) [mg C/L]\n\n•\tTotal Dissolved Nitrogen - TDN [mg N/L]\n\n•\tNitrate (NO3-) + Nitrite (NO2-) [mg N/L]\n\n•\tPhosphate (PO43-) [mg P/L]\n\n•\tSilicic acid (Si(OH)4) [mg Si/L]\n\nWater stable isotope:\n\n•\tδ18O-H2O [‰ VSMOW]\n\nMarine biology:\n\n•\tPhytoplankton community (counts and relative abundances)\n\n•\tZooplankton community (counts and relative abundances)\n\n•\tChlorophyl-a (mg/m3)\n\nRiver sensor data:\n\n•\tWater temperature (degrees Celsius)\n\n•\tAtmospheric pressure (mmHg)\n\n•\tDissolved oxygen (mg/L and %) \n\n•\tConductivity (µS cm-1)\n\n•\tpH\n\n•\tSalinity (Practical Salinity Units; PSU)\n\n•\tTurbidity (Formazin Nephelometric Units; FNU)\n\n•\tRiver discharge (m3/s)\n\n4. Method description:\n\nHydrochemistry:\n\nFjord particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PN) – Samples for fjord particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PN) were collected by filtering between 250 to 500 mL of Niskin water onto pre-combusted (450°C) glass microfiber filters (GFF, 24 mm diameter). Dried filters were then analysed at the Stable Isotope Laboratory in the department of Geosciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway (http://site.uit.no/sil/). Acid pretreatment was performed for a small subset of the filters (n=4), which showed no significant weight changes between treatments, suggesting a very minor contribution of carbonates to the overall particulate carbon pool. Results are therefore still presented as “POC” (particulate organic carbon) despite most filter samples analysed for total particulate carbon. Filters containing suspended material were weighed into Sn-capsules and combusted in EA (Thermo Scientific Flash HT Plus) at 1020C. \n\nNPOC (DOC) [mg C/L] and TN [mg N/L] - Water samples for dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) were first filtered through Sterivex syringe filters (PES, 0.45 µm) into pre-cleaned HDPE Nalgene bottles. Stream samples were stored frozen at −20°C immediately after collection. All samples were kept protected from direct sunlight during handling and transport. Laboratory analyses were conducted at the Polar Magic Lab in the department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway (https://uit.no/research/polar-magic). Concentrations of DOC (measured as non-purgeable organic carbon – NPOC) and TDN were determined using a Shimadzu TOC-L analyzer equipped with an ASI-V autosampler, following standard high-temperature catalytic oxidation procedures after sample acidification.\n\nNitrate (NO3) + Nitrite (NO2) [mg N/L], Phosphate (PO4) [mg P/L] and Silicic acid (Si(OH)4) [mg Si/L] - same methods were applied as used during field school 2024, except that samples were filtered using Sterivex syringe filters (PES, 0.45 µm).\n\nStable water isotope δ18O [VSMOW ‰] - same methods were applied as used during field school 2024. Calibration from 2025 was done with three standards with four replicates each, resulting in a standard deviation of 0.05-0.13 ‰ resulting in a linear regression R² = 0.99998 (Spec. \u003e 0.99950).\n\nSuspended particulate matter (SPM; mg/L) - same methods were applied as used during field school 2024.\n\nMarine biology:\n\n•\tPhytoplankton community (counts and abundances) - same methods were applied as used during field school 2024.\n\n•\tZooplankton community (counts and abundances) - same methods were applied as used during field school 2024.\n\n•\tThe concentration of photosynthetic pigment chlorophyl-a (mg/m3) - same methods were applied as used during field school 2024.\n\nSensor data:\n\nRiver discharge (Q; m3/s) - same methods and formulas were applied as used during field school 2024. A new calibration was performed before field measurements, the YSI multi-meter sensor was calibrated with a controlled salt concentration in relation to the specific conductance, showing the following linear relationship of which y represents the salt concentration (mg/L):\n\ny = 0.4796x – 10.815 ; R2 = 0.9999\n\nLog records from the YSI-ProDSS sonde during each of the salt traces are included. Discharge were calculated using SPC data found in  ‘Column I’ from ‘2025_iC3-fieldschool_Terrestrial_Salt_Trace.csv’ following the linear calibration equation above. Resulting discharge can be found in ‘2025_iC3-fieldschool_Terrestrial_Hydrochemistry.csv’.\n\nTemperature (degrees Celsius), pressure (mmHg), dissolved oxygen (mg/L and %), electrical conductivity (EC, µS/cm, C-µS/cm, nLF-µS/cm), salinity (PSU), pH and turbidity (FNU) were measured in the field with a handheld YSI (ProDSS multiparameter digital water quality meter) calibrated using commercial standards for EC and pH. \n\n5. Acronyms\n\nSF - Storfjorden\n\nSTEIN – Steindalselva \n\nLYNG – Lyngdalselva \nSTOR – Stordalselva\n\nSIG - Signaldalselva\n\n\u003cMDL – below method detection limit\n\nVSMOW - Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water\n\nTOC – Total organic carbon\n\nPOC – Particulate organic carbon\n\nDOC – dissolved organic carbon\n\nNPOC – Non purgeable organic carbon\n\nTN – Total Nitrogen\n\nSPM – suspended particulate matter\n\nDO – Dissolved oxygen\n\nSPC – Specific conductivity\n\nnLFC - Non-linear function conductivity\n\nPSU - Practical Salinity Units\n\nFNU - Formazin Nephelometric Unit\n\nGFF – Glass Microfiber Filters (Grade GF/F)\n\nChla -Chlorophyl-a\n","title":"iC3 field school dataset 2025 - Lyngen, northern Norway","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE","term":"GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS","variableLevel1":"COASTLINE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"AQUATIC SCIENCES"}],"links":[{"href":"https://ic3.uit.no/research-and-study-with-us/ic3-field-school-in-the-lyngen-alps","title":"iC3 field school","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2026.CBAEEFAB","title":"iC3 field school dataset 2024","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[20.242439,70.058691],[20.834113,69.986129],[20.252995,69.177659],[19.708673,69.273619],[20.242439,70.058691]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Joost Martijn","lastName":"van Genuchten","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"joost.m.genuchten@uit.no","orcid":"0009-0000-8728-3848","roles":["author","editor"]},{"firstName":"Amund ","lastName":"Bådsvik","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"aba185@post.uit.no","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Lena ","lastName":"Champiot-Bayard","organisation":"Sorbonne Université","email":"lena.champiot-bayard@locean.ipsl.fr","orcid":"0009-0006-1362-1756","roles":["author","editor"]},{"firstName":"Frank Werner","lastName":"Jakobsen","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"frank.jakobsen@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0002-4242-8027","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Ida Freya ","lastName":"Köhn","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"idkoe3438@uit.no","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Megan ","lastName":"Lenss","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"megan.lenss@npolar.no","orcid":"0009-0007-5250-1826","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Ida Fris ","lastName":"Mejnertz","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"idmej6285@uit.no","orcid":"0009-0000-7157-8430","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Kara","lastName":"Sampsell","organisation":"Université Grenoble Alpes","email":"kara.sampsell@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr","orcid":"0000-0002-9525-9976","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Sarah Louise","lastName":"Tingey","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"sarah.l.tingey@uit.no","orcid":"0009-0006-9490-3244","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Rory J.","lastName":"Burford","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"rory.j.burford@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0003-1651-8288","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Sebastien ","lastName":"Moreau","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"sebastien.moreau@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9446-812X","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Monica","lastName":"Winsborrow","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"monica.winsborrow@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0001-5950-1254","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Philipp","lastName":"Assmy","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"philipp.assmy@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-8241-7541","roles":["author","editor","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Guillaume","lastName":"Lamarche-Gagnon","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"guillaume.lamarche-gagnon@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0002-3444-7834","roles":["author","editor","principalInvestigator","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"],"email":"monica.winsborrow@uit.no","url":"https://ic3.uit.no/"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-09-07T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2025-09-11T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"6aa8d9f1-8994-4a88-9901-e9f786a3f19a"},{"id":"cbaeefab-9701-4ee1-94e9-1ab75805a2b7","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.cbaeefab","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((20.250759 70.057643,20.790822 69.99824,20.324614 69.168237,19.60261 69.258182,20.250759 70.057643)))","bbox":[19.60261,69.168237,20.790822,70.057643],"createdBy":"d4f524b0-cf37-4987-92b2-4d715723b0ed","modifiedBy":"fe1c1215-cadd-47f5-8c98-b92559725f29","publishedBy":"d4f524b0-cf37-4987-92b2-4d715723b0ed","created":"2026-08-12T14:44:57Z","modified":"2026-08-17T13:59:13Z","published":"2026-08-17T08:03:26Z","content":{"summary":"1. Summary\n\nThese data were collected between 09.09.24 and 13.09.24 as part of the 2024 iC3 Field School. The dataset includes measurements of several biogeochemical parameters in water samples from nine marine stations within Storfjorden and nine terrestrial stations across four river catchments. At each marine station, samples were simultaneously collected from 3-5 depths via Niskin bottles. At each terrestrial station, grab samples were taken from fast-flowing water, around 10 cm below the river surface. \nInternal expedition code: \n\n•\tiC3-24-1-FT (for terrestrial field data)\n\n•\tiC3-24-3-BP (for marine field data)\n\n2. Stations\n\nTerrestrial river sampling stations were named after their respective river or stream. The  connected name in Northern Sámi is noted below and based upon official naming from https://www.norgeskart.no/. After the river or stream name, the relative sampling location along the catchment was defined by upper, middle or down section. \n\nMarine stations were named after the fjord, Storfjorden, and stations numbered from low to high numbers and outer to inner fjord, respectively. Some numbers were followed by the first letter of the station’s cardinal direction (West or East) with some station transects consisting of a middle station as well. \n\nTerrestrial stations:\n\n•\tSTEIN-UP, Steindalselva (Gievdanjohka), upper river section, 2024-09-09, 69.391 N, 19.928 W\n\n•\tSTEIN-MID, Steindalselva (Gievdanjohka), middle river section, 2024-09-09, 69.389 N, 19.987 W\n\n•\tLYNG-UP, Lyngdalselva (Vuošváhjohka), upper river section, 2024-09-12, 69.469 N, 20.017 W\n\n•\tLYNG-MID-A, Lyngdalselva (Vuošváhjohka), middle river section, 2024-09-12, 69.462 N, 20.064 W\n\n•\tLYNG-MID-B, Lyngdalselva (Vuošváhjohka), middle river section, 2024-09-12, 69.443 N, 20.105 W\n\n•\tLYNG-DN, Lyngdalselva (Vuošváhjohka), down river section, 2024-09-12, 69.442 N, 20.148 W\n\n•\tSTEIN-DN, Steindalselva (Gievdanjohka), down river section, 2024-09-13, 69.375 N, 20.039 W\n\n•\tSTOR-DN, Stordalselva (Stuorajohka), down river section, 2024-09-13, 69.339 N, 19.951 W\n\n•\tSIG-MID, Signaldalselva (Čiekŋaleatnu), middle river section, 2024-09-13, 69.186 N, 19.992 W\n\nMarine Stations:\n\n•\tSF-01, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), first station, 2024-09-09T18:00:00Z, 70.008 N, 20.408 W\n\n•\tSF-02, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), second station, 2024-09-11T10:00:00Z, 69.486 N, 20.305 W\n\n•\tSF-03-W, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), third station west, 2024-09-13T07:40:00Z, 69.444 N, 20.181 W\n\n•\tSF-03-M, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), third station middle, 2024-09-13T10:45:00Z, 69.445 N, 20.226 W\n\n•\tSF-03-E, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), third station east, 2024-09-13T12:20:00Z, 69.446 N, 20.257 W\n\n•\tSF-04, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), fourth station, 2024-09-11T14:00:00Z, 69.357 N, 20.056 W\n\n•\tSF-05-W, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), fifth station west, 2024-09-12T10:00:00Z, 69.343 N, 19.99 W\n\n•\tSF-05-M, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), fifth station middle, 2024-09-12T12:00:00Z, 69.344 N, 20.007 W\n\n•\tSF-05-E, Storfjorden (Omasvuotna), fifth station east, 2024-09-12T11:40:00Z, 69.345 N, 20.034 W\n\nStandard depths:\n\n•\tRiver sampling: Surface water samples collected from the riverbank.\n\n•\tMarine sampling: 4-5 standard sampling depths with 2, 10, 20, 40 m and 10 m above the seafloor.\n\n3. Measured variables:\n\nHydrochemistry:\n\n•\tSuspended Particulate Matter - SPM (mg/L)\n\nOrganic carbon and nutrients:\n\n•\tParticulate Organic Carbon - POC [µg C/L]\n\n•\tParticulate Organic Nitrogen - PON [µg N/L]\n\n•\tTotal Particulate Nitrogen - TPN [µg N/L]\n\n•\tDissolved Organic Carbon - DOC (as NPOC) [mg C/L]\n\n•\tTotal Dissolved Nitrogen - TDN [mg N/L]\n\n•\tNitrate (NO3-) + Nitrite (NO2-) [mg N/L]\n\n•\tPhosphate (PO43-) [mg P/L]\n\n•\tSilicic acid (Si(OH)4) [mg Si/L]\n\nWater stable isotope:\n\n•\tδ18O-H2O [‰ VSMOW]\n\nPOC/N stable isotope:\n\n•\tδ 13C [‰ VPDB]\n\n•\tδ 15N [air-N2]\n\nMarine biology:\n\n•\tBenthic foraminifera (alive and dead counts)\n\n•\tPhytoplankton community (counts and relative abundances)\n\n•\tZooplankton community (counts and relative abundances)\n\n•\tChlorophyl-a (mg/m3)\n\nRiver sensor data:\n\n•\tTemperature (degrees celcius)\n\n•\tPressure (mmHg)\n\n•\tDissolved oxygen (mg/L and %) \n\n•\tConductivity (µS cm-1)\n\n•\tpH\n\n•\tSalinity (Practical Salinity Units; PSU)\n\n•\tTurbidity (Formazin Nephelometric Units; FNU)\n\n•\tRiver discharge (m3/s)\n\n4. Method description:\n\nHydrochemistry\n\nFjord particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) – Samples for fjord particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PN) were collected by filtering between 250 to 500 mL of seawater onto pre-combusted (450°C) glass microfiber filters (GFF, 24 mm diameter). Dried filters were then analysed at the Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway after acid pre-treatment to remove inorganic carbon.\n\nRiverbank sediment carbon and nitrogen – Sediment carbon and nitrogen content and stable isotopic fractions of bank sediment samples were pretreated by freeze drying and acid treatment (HCl 6M for 48h at room temperature) to remove carbonates. Next, samples were washed in deionized water and dried at 50°C. Pulverized samples were weighed into Sn-capsules and combusted in EA (Thermo Scientific Flash HT Plus) at 1020C and analysed on IRMS (Thermo Scientific MAT253). d15N and d13C were determined by normalisation to international scales Air-N2 (d15N) and VPDB (d13C) by 3 inhouse standards with isotopic values that enclose the isotopic values of the samples. The inhouse standards have previously been normalised by using several international standards. Instrument precision d15N, d13C is standard deviation +/-0.15 permil (ThermoScientific) for sample size 50ug C, N homogeneous materials. For weak signal strength for nitrogen \u003c 20 Vs, the Stdev was increased to 0.4 permil. Precision in d15N, d13C for heterogeneous samples will be lower. Riverbank sediments were analysed at the Stable Isotope Laboratory in the department of Geosciences, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway (http://site.uit.no/sil/).\n\nNPOC (DOC) [mg C/L] and TN [mg N/L] – Water samples for dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) were first filtered through Whatman Puradisc Aqua syringe filters into acid-washed 30 mL HDPE Nalgene bottles. Stream samples were stored frozen at −20°C immediately after collection. Fjord samples, however, were not consistently frozen prior to analysis and are therefore treated with caution. All samples were kept protected from direct sunlight during handling and transport. Laboratory analyses were conducted at the Arctic Marine System Ecology (AMSE) laboratory at UiT – The Arctic University of Norway within two weeks of collection. Concentrations of DOC (measured as non-purgeable organic carbon – NPOC) and TDN were determined using a Shimadzu TOC-V analyzer equipped with an ASI-V autosampler, following standard high-temperature catalytic oxidation procedures after sample acidification.\n\nNitrate (NO3) + Nitrite (NO2) [mg N/L], Phosphate (PO4) [mg P/L] and Silicic acid (Si(OH)4) [mg Si/L] - Water samples for dissolved inorganic nutrients were first filtered through Whatman GD/XP PES syringe filters (0.45 μm) into acid-washed 30 mL HDPE Nalgene bottles and stored frozen at −20°C immediately after collection. Laboratory analyses were conducted at the at the Polar Magic Lab in the department of Geosciences, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway (https://uit.no/research/polar-magic). Nutrient concentrations were determined colorimetrically (AQ300 discrete analyser, SEAL Analytical) according to established methods (ISO/DIS 15923-1).\n\nStable water isotope δ18O [VSMOW ‰] was run on a Thermo Scientific MAT253 IRMS + Gasbench II. 0.5 mL sample was pipetted into 12mL Labco glass vials, flushed with 0.3% CO2 in He gas mixture, equilibrated at 25C for \u003e24h. Normalisation to VSMOW scale by linear regression based on four inhouse standards with d18O that span the range -1 to -36 permil. Six replicates have been performed for each standard with a standard deviation of 0.02-0.03 ‰ resulting in a linear regression R² = 0.99999 (Spec. \u003e 0.99950). The inhouse standards have previously been calibrated vs international standards VSMOW2, GISP, SLAP2.\n\nSuspended particulate matter (SPM; mg/L) was obtained by filtering a known volume of river water onto glass microfiber (GFF) filters (ø 45 mm). Filters have been weighted before and after filtering to obtain the mass of the suspended particle material.\n\nMarine biology:\n\nThe benthic foraminifera assemblage data were obtained from eight surface sediment samples using a 30 x 30 x 50 cm box corer. A bulk sediment sample of 100 ml from the upper 0-2 cm of the box was taken for foraminiferal analysis and immediately stained using a rose Bengal solution with 96% ethanol. The samples were subsequently wet sieved at the size fractions 0.5 mm, 0.125 mm and 0.063 mm. Once dried, samples were then used for the benthic assemblage. A minimum of 100 stained (living at the time of collection) and unstained (dead at the time of collection) from the 0.125-0.5 mm size fraction specimens were identified to either genus or species level were possible.\n\nPhytoplankton/protist community (counts and relative abundances) was obtained by lowering a  20 µm phytoplankton net down to 25 m depth. From a collected sample volume of 90 mL, 10 mL of 20% hexamine-buffered formalin solution (final concentration of 2%) was added. To obtain relative abundance of each major taxa per station, all cells were counted from 10 pictures of FOV (Field of View). The pictures were obtained by using a digital camera connected to inverted light microscope (Nikon TS100) under 100x magnification. Protists were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible (in accordance with the World Register of Marine Species, WoRMS) and classified by group.\n\nZooplankton community (counts and relative abundances) was obtained by using a WP2 net with mesh size 200 µm through the full water column. As zooplankton could not be sampled at LYNG04 at the time of the field school, it was revisited a month later with R/V Helmer Hanssen. In this case sampling was carried out using a HydroBios WP2 vertical plankton net with mesh size 90 µm, deployed to 50 m. The sample was further sieved through a 200 µm mesh to improve its comparability with the original sampling method. Upon retrieving the sample, a plankton splitter was used to divide the sample in two. The first subsample was spiked with 10 mL of 20% hexamine-buffered formalin solution for long-term storage, while the second was used to assess zooplankton assemblage composition on board. The zooplankton assemblage was obtained by counting all zooplankton in three fields of view, using a ZEISS Stemi 305 stereomicroscope at 4.5 x zoom.\n\nSeawater samples for the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyl-a (mg/m3) and its degradation product phaeophytin (Phaeo) were collected with Niskin bottles attached to a CTD rosette at standard sampling depths. A volume of 250 mL was filtered onto GF/F glass microfiber filters (Whatmann, England, pore size 0.7 μm, 3 μm and 20 μm, ø 25mm) with pump at low vacuum pressure. The use of filters with different pore sizes allowed for the estimation of the percentage contribution of picophytoplankton (\u003c3 µm), nanophytoplankton (3-20 µm) and microphytoplankton (\u003e20 µm) to total chlorophyll-a. Chlorophyll-a was extracted by adding 5 mL methanol for approximately 12h-24h at 4°C in the dark. Each sample was measured before and after acidification (2 drops, 5 % HCl) following the procedure described by Holm-Hansen and Riemann (1978). The measurements were conducted with a Turner Trilogy fluorometer, calibrated the same year before the analysis with a Chl-a standard. Methanol was used as a blank.   \n\nSensor data:\n\nTemperature (degrees Celsius), pressure (mmHg), dissolved oxygen (mg/L and %), electrical conductivity (EC, µS/cm, C-µS/cm, nLF-µS/cm), salinity (PSU), pH and turbidity (FNU) were measured in the field with a handheld multi-parameter sonde (YSI ProDSS) calibrated using commercial standards for EC and pH.\n\nInstantaneous river discharge:\n\nRiver discharge (Q; m3/s) was obtained using the salt dilution method. A known mass of sodium chloride dissolved in a bucket containing river was rapidly injected into the river (slug injection). Specific conductance (SPC [µS cm-1]) was recorded downstream of the injection site using a handheld multi-parameter sonde with one second intervals, starting before injection until concentration returned to baseline levels. SPC was converted to salt concentrations based on salt serial dilution, which showed the following linear relationship where ‘y’ represents the salt concentration (mg/L):\n\ny = 0.4906x – 8.0626 ; R2 = 0.9999\n\nStream discharge was calculated using the following formula: \n \nQ = discharge (m3 s-1) \n\nS = amount of salt injected (g) \n\nCt = background-corrected salt concentration measured at the sensor site after time step (mg L-1) \n\ndt = time interval of each recording (sec)\n\nLog records from the YSI-ProDSS sonde during each of the salt traces are included. Discharge were calculated using SPC data found in  ‘Column I’ from ‘2024_iC3-fieldschool_Terrestrial_Salt_Trace.csv’ following the linear calibration equation above. Resulting discharge can be found in ‘2024_iC3-fieldschool_Terrestrial_Hydrochemistry.csv’. For some field stations,  an ‘A’ and ‘B’ site can be seen, which represents a duplicate measurement. \n\n5. Acronyms\n\nSF - Storfjorden\n\nSTEIN – Steindalselva \n\nLYNG – Lyngdalselva \n\nSTOR – Stordalselva\n\nSIG - Signaldalselva\n\n\u003cMDL – below method detection limit\n\nVSMOW - Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water\n\nTOC – Total organic carbon\n\nPOC – Particulate organic carbon\nDOC – dissolved organic carbon\n\nNPOC – Non purgeable organic carbon\n\nTN – Total Nitrogen\n\nSPM – suspended particulate matter\n\nDO – Dissolved oxygen\n\nSPC – Specific conductivity\n\nnLFC - Non-linear function conductivity\n\nPSU - Practical Salinity Units\n\nFNU - Formazin Nephelometric Unit\n\nGFF – Glass Microfiber Filters (Grade GF/F)\n\nChla -Chlorophyl-a\n","title":"iC3 field school dataset 2024 - Lyngen, northern Norway","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE","term":"GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS","variableLevel1":"COASTLINE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"AQUATIC SCIENCES"}],"links":[{"href":"https://ic3.uit.no/research-and-study-with-us/ic3-field-school-in-the-lyngen-alps","title":"iC3 field school","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2026.8FAA2954","title":"iC3 field school dataset 2025","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[20.250759,70.057643],[20.790822,69.99824],[20.324614,69.168237],[19.60261,69.258182],[20.250759,70.057643]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Joost Martijn ","lastName":"van Genuchten","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"joost.m.genuchten@uit.no","orcid":"0009-0000-8728-3848","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Freya Elizabeth ","lastName":"Sykes","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"freya.e.sykes@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0002-9588-1765","roles":["author","editor"]},{"firstName":"Emeric Marie A. ","lastName":"Babut du Marès","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"emeric.m.mares@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0003-1874-6540","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Lucie Hélène Marie ","lastName":"Goraguer","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"lucie.goraguer@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9354-9024","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Leonard","lastName":"Magerl","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"leonard.magerl@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0003-3909-772X","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Ricarda Charlotte ","lastName":"Runte","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"ricarda.c.runte@uit.no","orcid":"0009-0000-7412-4901","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Luke J.","lastName":"Simmons","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"luke.j.simmons@uit.no","orcid":"0009-0004-6500-4202","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Colin M.","lastName":"Sinclair","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"colin.m.sinclair@uit.no","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Silje S.","lastName":"Waaler","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"silje.s.pedersen@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9713-8820","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Jan","lastName":"Viljanen","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"jan.viljanen@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0002-5992-7199","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Sarah Louise","lastName":"Tingey","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"sarah.l.tingey@uit.no","orcid":"0009-0006-9490-3244","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Rory J.","lastName":"Burford","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"rory.j.burford@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0003-1651-8288","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Sebastien","lastName":"Moreau","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"Sebastien.Moreau@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9446-812X","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Tore ","lastName":"Hattermann","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"tore.hattermann@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-5538-2267","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Jemma Louise","lastName":"Wadham","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"jemma.l.wadham@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0002-5251-7162","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Terri","lastName":"Souster","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"terri.souster@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0002-7585-1999","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Monica","lastName":"Winsborrow","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"monica.winsborrow@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0001-5950-1254","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Philipp","lastName":"Assmy","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"philipp.assmy@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-8241-7541","roles":["author","editor","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Guillaume ","lastName":"Lamarche-Gagnon","organisation":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","email":"guillaume.lamarche-gagnon@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0002-3444-7834","roles":["author","editor","principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"],"email":"monica.winsborrow@uit.no","url":"https://ic3.uit.no/"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2024-09-08T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2024-09-12T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"aa374d95-9451-45c2-bd6c-8a2c5af5bf0e"},{"id":"128b9570-5e05-4eec-a7f6-4008feb191df","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.128b9570","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((33.8469 89.8986,28 87.05,27.53465 82.68915,33.8469 89.8986)),POLYGON((33.8469 89.8986,-28.157144 87.379828,27.53465 82.68915,33.8469 89.8986)))","bbox":[-28.157144,82.68915,33.8469,89.8986],"createdBy":"303f927c-547a-4df3-bac6-5e952510a1e4","modifiedBy":"303f927c-547a-4df3-bac6-5e952510a1e4","publishedBy":"303f927c-547a-4df3-bac6-5e952510a1e4","created":"2026-08-11T12:48:41Z","modified":"2026-09-16T11:31:07Z","published":"2026-09-16T11:31:07Z","content":{"summary":"As part of the the BREATHE (Bottom-sea ice Respiration and nutrient Exchanges Assessed for THE Arctic) project, these data were collected during the Norwegian Polar Institute's AO-2022 cruise to the Nansen and Amundsen Basins of the Arctic Ocean (IMR Cruise ID 2022710). The dataset includes measurements of algal diversity from sea ice and sea ice-associated habitats, including: bottom 0.05 m (i.e. at ocean-ice interface), submerged ridge surface and floating aggregates (beneath or adjacent to sea ice floes).\n  \nSamples were collected from the following sea ice stations during the cruise. Station No. are described in the associated [cruise report](https://nva.sikt.no/registration/01993e315f60-8e897394-b9e5-4a08-9406-e7ce12a9c9a9):\nStations: \n#1 North Pole (29-Jul-2022): N 89° 53.916’ W 033° 50.814’\n#5 (03-Aug-2022): N 87° 03 N, W 028° 00’\n#6 Amundsen Basin (05-Aug-2022):N 86° 31.382’, W 005° 36.514’\n#7 (09-Aug-2022):N 85° 37.847’, E 009° 20.601’\n#8 Nansen Basin (12-Aug-2022): N 83° 57.450’ E 22° 13.200’\n#9 (16-Aug-2022): N 83° 21.884’ E 25° 01.615’\n#10 (17-Aug-2022): N 82° 41.349’ E 027° 32.079’\n\nSample collection \u0026 processing\n\nSea ice samples of 0.05 m were melted for approximately 24h in 0.2 um filtered seawater (three parts water to one part ice volume). Aggregate samples were collected either into interface water or 0.2 um filtered seawater and homogenized prior to subsampling. The reported cell concentrations for these sample types have been adjusted for dilution. The ridge surface sample, collected by pump, is undiluted. \n\nAll samples were preserved with acidic Lugol's solution and analyzed on Leica inverted microscope at 400x magnification. A minimum of 400 cells and three transects were enumerated during Utermöhl slide counts. Concentrations are reported as cells/L. See also [Campbell et al. (2018)](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00300-017-2168-2) for details on counting methodology and taxonomic classification of ice algae.\n\nMetadata: Sample ID (A-H), Sample Type (Bottom-ice, Ridge, Aggregate), Ice Station No. (1-7), Collection Date (month-date, year), Analysis Date (month-date, year), Analysis By (data creator),","title":"Sea ice algal biodiversity for BREATHE project: AO-2022 across the Nansen and Amundsen Basins of the Arctic Ocean","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION","term":"PROTISTS","variableLevel1":"PLANKTON","variableLevel2":"PHYTOPLANKTON"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel2":"PLANKTON","variableLevel3":"PHYTOPLANKTON"}],"links":[{"href":"https://nva.sikt.no/registration/01993e315f60-8e897394-b9e5-4a08-9406-e7ce12a9c9a9","title":"Cruise report","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://www.breathearctic.com/","title":"Project website","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[33.8469,89.8986],[28,87.05],[27.53465,82.68915],[33.8469,89.8986]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[33.8469,89.8986],[-28.157144,87.379828],[27.53465,82.68915],[33.8469,89.8986]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Karley","lastName":"Campbell","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","orcid":"0000-0001-5008-0705","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["owner"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2022-07-18T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2022-08-21T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"57eeed18-6ae5-4ab1-a1e7-71917f9c919f"},{"id":"90fd4a29-bb3a-43e4-83ef-f8293c87bf68","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.90fd4a29","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(LINESTRING(101.769763 89.933614,22.974055 81.417402,38.137108 81.914054),POLYGON((101.769763 89.933614,22.974055 81.417402,38.137108 81.914054,101.769763 89.933614)))","bbox":[22.974055,81.417402,101.769763,89.933614],"createdBy":"fd1c2625-3bf1-4faa-8a05-537770734827","modifiedBy":"fd1c2625-3bf1-4faa-8a05-537770734827","publishedBy":"fd1c2625-3bf1-4faa-8a05-537770734827","created":"2026-08-06T10:56:42Z","modified":"2026-08-08T14:48:30Z","published":"2026-08-06T11:26:52Z","content":{"summary":"X-CTD 1850 (Expendable conductivity-temperature-depth) probes (Lockheed Martin, USA) were used for a hydrographic section along approx. 30 degrees East on the Kronprins Haakon’s way north during the AO-2024 cruise. The X-CTD probes were launched from the aft of the ship while sailing slowly (1-2 knots) in leads between ice floes. They measured conductivity and temperature while falling at a known rate, from which depth was inferred. The maximum operating depth of the probe was 1850 meters.\n\nPlease refer to the AO-2024 cruise report for full information (https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3145717). The data are in a single, self-documented netCDF file. Profile data are organised in tables with one column per cast and one row per depth bin.","title":"X-CTD profiles collected along 30°E during the northbound transit from 82.5°N to 88°N on the Norwegian Polar Institute AO-2024 cruise.","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY","variableLevel1":"OCEAN SALINITY"}],"links":[{"href":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3145717","title":"Cruise Report","rel":"project"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[101.769763,89.933614],[22.974055,81.417402],[38.137108,81.914054]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[101.769763,89.933614],[22.974055,81.417402],[38.137108,81.914054],[101.769763,89.933614]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Morven","lastName":"Muilwijk","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"morven.muilwijk@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Achim","lastName":"Randelhoff","organisation":"Akvaplan-Niva","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Zoe","lastName":"Koenig","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Paul A.","lastName":"Dodd","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"paul.dodd@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["author"]},{"name":"Akvaplan-Niva","roles":["author"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2024-07-19T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2024-07-23T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"13193051-0ed6-463d-97e6-3819d18a3f18"},{"id":"d1ac4429-962e-413d-867a-70a9608d0d62","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.d1ac4429","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((60.794036 89.925545,20.722419 81.657218,40.948202 82.303692,60.794036 89.925545)))","bbox":[20.722419,81.657218,60.794036,89.925545],"createdBy":"fd1c2625-3bf1-4faa-8a05-537770734827","modifiedBy":"fd1c2625-3bf1-4faa-8a05-537770734827","publishedBy":"fd1c2625-3bf1-4faa-8a05-537770734827","created":"2026-08-06T10:24:22Z","modified":"2026-08-08T14:49:16Z","published":"2026-08-06T10:50:45Z","content":{"summary":"Twelve X-CTD 1000 (Expendable Conductivity–Temperature–Depth; Lockheed Martin, USA) probes were used to obtain a hydrographic section along approximately 30°E during RV Kronprins Haakons northbound transit to the North Pole station. The probes were launched from the stern of the vessel while it sailed slowly (1–2 knots) through leads between ice floes. Deployments were carried out at 1° latitude interval from 83°N to 84°N and at 0.5° latitude intervals north of 84°N. The probes measured conductivity and temperature as they descended through the water column at a known fall rate, allowing depth to be inferred. Each probe had a maximum operating depth of 1000 m.\n\nPlease refer to the EBT2026 cruise report for full information. The data are in a single, self-documented netCDF file. Profile data are organised in tables with one column per cast and one row per depth bin.","title":"X-CTD profiles collected along 30°E during the northbound transit from 83°N to 89°N on the Arctic Ocean 2050 EBT2026 cruise.","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY","variableLevel1":"OCEAN SALINITY"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[60.794036,89.925545],[20.722419,81.657218],[40.948202,82.303692],[60.794036,89.925545]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Morven","lastName":"Muilwijk","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"morven.muilwijk@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Tobi ","lastName":"Ehmen","organisation":"University of Bergen","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Paul A.","lastName":"Dodd","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"paul.dodd@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2026-07-25T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2026-07-28T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"d68e0b57-7a5a-4453-9c5c-ffa6dd7a4834"},{"id":"02fd3422-5083-4f56-9e94-89ddbd85b3ed","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.02fd3422","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((1.540243 82.212348,21.03759 82.618474,23.480124 80.109727,7.601663 79.396399,1.540243 82.212348)))","bbox":[1.540243,79.396399,23.480124,82.618474],"createdBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","modifiedBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","publishedBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","created":"2026-07-16T15:27:25Z","modified":"2026-07-20T10:20:38Z","published":"2026-07-20T10:20:38Z","content":{"summary":"Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) data collected from the research vessel rosette during the BREATHE2023 sea ice drift study aboard RV Kronprins Haakon (IMR 2023007008). The data were collected by the project BREATHE from the Research Council of Norway (Grant No. 325405). The data set includes 22 profiles of 1-decibar vertically averaged in situ temperature (ITS-90 scale), salinity (practical salinity scale), potential density anomaly, Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) and Chlorophyll a fluorescence. A SBE911+ system is used to collect data down to 5-20 m from seabed during both down and upcast. Data are processed using the standard Seabird Electronics software (SBEDataProcessing-Win32), using the recommended procedures. Only downcast profiles are used to avoid turbulence caused by rosette package on the upcast. The temperature, salinity and density are quality-controlled but can include some spikes and irregularities left for the user to screen. The other variables are raw and not calibrated. Details on the processing, an overview of the data and a detailed list of stations are provided in the cruise report.\n\nData are available as a single netCDF file.","title":"Ship-based CTD, BREATHE sea ice drift: North of Svalbard, May 2023","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"MARINE ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel2":"PELAGIC","variableLevel3":"OCEANIC ZONE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY"}],"links":[{"href":"https://www.breathearctic.com/","title":"BREATHE Project website","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/df42a46f-fdb2-4a1d-9bb0-54444951f564","title":"Cruise report for BREATHE Project 2023: Yermak Plateau","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/05015061-028f-416e-8162-2601d2ace7cf","title":"Ocean microstructure data","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/44a880e0-9a7b-4382-a8d0-d2d80179dfa6","title":"Sea ice core data","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/a1ab4151-a0ee-4eb6-8c25-282d8690cda1","title":"Snow pit data","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/18d7e643-3be2-45f3-9d0b-f7660d9bfabf","title":"Sea ice biogeochemical data","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[1.540243,82.212348],[21.03759,82.618474],[23.480124,80.109727],[7.601663,79.396399],[1.540243,82.212348]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Zoe ","lastName":"Koenig","email":"zoe.c.koenig@uit.no","roles":["author","editor"]},{"firstName":"Karley","lastName":"Campbell","email":"karley.l.campbell@uit.no","roles":["principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT the Arctic University of Norway","roles":["resourceProvider"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2023-05-16T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2023-05-28T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"7543348d-23c6-4163-8516-88571769f486"},{"id":"05015061-028f-416e-8162-2601d2ace7cf","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.05015061","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((3.022063 81.309866,18.946922 82.452994,22.6823 80.167966,7.566277 79.347371,3.022063 81.309866)))","bbox":[3.022063,79.347371,22.6823,82.452994],"createdBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","modifiedBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","publishedBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","created":"2026-07-06T10:27:08Z","modified":"2026-07-16T08:57:17Z","published":"2026-07-16T08:57:17Z","content":{"summary":"Ocean microstructure profiles from an ice drift study in May 2023 in the Yermak Plateau and in the Sofia Deep North of Svalbard on R/V Kronprins Haakon (IMR KH2023007008). The data were collected by the project BREATHE (Bottom-sea ice Respiration and nutrient Exchanges Assesses for THE Arctic) from the Research Council of Norway (Grant No. 325405). The data set includes 49 profiles of 1-decibar vertically averaged dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy, in situ temperature (ITS-90 scale) and salinity (practical salinity scale). Profiles are collected using Sea and Sun Technology vertical microstructure profiler (MSS90L). The MSS90L is loosely tethered and is deployed using a manual winch on the sea ice. Dissipation rate is measured using two airfoil shear probes. Profiles are averages from the two shear probes. The temperature and salinity profiles are measured from the SBE sensors on the same instrument. MSS90L has an unpumped CTD system. Careful corrections for temperature/conductivity sensor time lag and thermal lag were made. Temperature and salinity were corrected after comparison with the ship CTD. Only downcasts from MSS90L are processed using the Sea and Sun technology routines. Resulting profiles are quality controlled, but still require caution from the user. More details are provided in the cruise report.","title":"Ocean microstructure profiles (MSS) from the BREATHE cruise, Yermak plateau North of Svalbard, May 2023 ","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CIRCULATION","variableLevel1":"TURBULENCE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"}],"links":[{"href":"https://www.breathearctic.com/","title":"BREATHE Project website","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/df42a46f-fdb2-4a1d-9bb0-54444951f564","title":"Cruise report for BREATHE Project 2023: Yermak Plateau","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/44a880e0-9a7b-4382-a8d0-d2d80179dfa6","title":"Sea ice core data","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/a1ab4151-a0ee-4eb6-8c25-282d8690cda1","title":"Snow pit data ","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/18d7e643-3be2-45f3-9d0b-f7660d9bfabf","title":"Sea ice biogeochemical data","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[3.022063,81.309866],[18.946922,82.452994],[22.6823,80.167966],[7.566277,79.347371],[3.022063,81.309866]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Zoe Charlotte","lastName":"Koenig","organisation":"UiT the Arctic University of Norway","email":"zoe.c.koenig@uit.no","roles":["author","editor","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Karley","lastName":"Campbell","organisation":"UiT the Arctic University of Norway","email":"karley.linn.campbell@uit.no","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Sanna","lastName":"Saur Heiland","organisation":"UiT the Arctic University of Norway","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"UiT the Arctic University of Norway","roles":["owner"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2023-05-16T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2023-05-26T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"71706290-4ebc-4885-ae83-9f290e3a9345"},{"id":"0c1e03f9-00fa-4731-8d5a-fe2f6caf7898","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.0c1e03f9","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POINT(-27.997133 89.851967),POINT(-27.997133 87.045383),POINT(-5.607648 86.522788),POINT(9.34335 85.625783),POINT(22.000797 83.92716),POINT(25.025833 83.364789),POINT(27.464836 83.92716))","bbox":[-27.997133,83.364789,27.464836,89.851967],"createdBy":"1a202e8d-96ce-44f1-b4bd-bf1f911f3a81","modifiedBy":"f5804a43-fde6-4f43-a178-59d7e96ba24b","publishedBy":"1a202e8d-96ce-44f1-b4bd-bf1f911f3a81","created":"2026-06-19T06:14:29Z","modified":"2026-06-26T11:00:23Z","published":"2026-06-19T09:36:41Z","content":{"summary":"Sea ice cores were collected at a number of ice stations during the Norwegian Polar Institute's Arctic Ocean 2022 (AO2022) cruise onboard R/V _Kronprins Haakon_ (Cruise ID 2022710). \n\nStandard mesurements of ice temperature and salinity (practical salinity units) were conducted. Samples were collected for measurements of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes on a subset of the ice cores and measured at FARLAB at University of Bergen.\n\nSee the [Cruise report](https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3013026) for more details.","title":"Sea ice core temperature, salinity and oxygen isotope data from the Arctic Ocean 2022 (AO2022) cruise","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE","variableLevel1":"SALINITY"}],"links":[{"href":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3013026","title":"AO2022 cruise report","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01291-25","title":"Distinct bacterial community structures with abundant carbon degradation and sulfur metabolisms found in different sea-ice types from the Central Arctic Ocean","rel":"publication"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-27.997133,89.851967]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-27.997133,87.045383]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-5.607648,86.522788]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[9.34335,85.625783]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[22.000797,83.92716]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[25.025833,83.364789]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[27.464836,83.92716]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Dmitry","lastName":"Divine","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"dmitry.divine@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","processor"]},{"firstName":"Mats","lastName":"Granskog","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"mats.granskog@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2022-07-28T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2022-08-16T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"9f303dc4-3179-4773-ae05-9c8986c742b1"},{"id":"3d43bfa0-be81-4a17-a677-851235e5708b","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.3d43bfa0","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((8.964844 80.774716,11.821289 74.136881,30.893555 74.256559,29.047852 80.843037,8.964844 80.774716)))","bbox":[8.964844,74.136881,30.893555,80.843037],"createdBy":"863df930-5e5a-4e49-8284-5dbd50068a2f","modifiedBy":"f961ba7d-ed39-4159-b0de-04262dc56a62","publishedBy":"863df930-5e5a-4e49-8284-5dbd50068a2f","created":"2026-06-17T11:24:00Z","modified":"2026-06-22T11:01:39Z","published":"2026-06-17T12:10:20Z","content":{"summary":"# Svalbard Land Surface Phenology Dataset (NDVI 2018–2025)\n\nThis dataset provides annual land surface phenology metrics for Svalbard, derived from Sentinel-2 satellite imagery for the years 2018 to 2025. The product captures the timing and magnitude of vegetation growth across the archipelago at 10 m spatial resolution, using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the most widely used vegetation index in Arctic tundra phenology research.\n\nFor each year and pixel, the dataset reports the start of season (SOS), end of season (EOS), and peak NDVI value, allowing users to track when the growing season begins and ends, and how productive vegetation is at its seasonal maximum.\n\n## Data Description\n\n- **Spatial coverage:** Svalbard, restricted to areas identified as potentially vegetated (glaciers, permanent ice, and water bodies are masked out).\n- **Spatial resolution:** 10 m, native to Sentinel-2.\n- **Temporal coverage:** 2018–2025, one set of metrics per pixel per year.\n- **Source imagery:** [GEE Sentinel-2 Level-2A surface reflectance (COPERNICUS/S2_SR_HARMONIZED)](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/COPERNICUS_S2_SR_HARMONIZED), filtered for cloud cover using a combined `CLOUDY_PIXEL_PERCENTAGE` threshold (80%) and per-pixel `S2_CLOUD_PROBABILITY` scores.\n- **Processing window:** NDVI values are restricted to day-of-year (DOY) 130–270, with NDVI range constrained to 0.05–0.9. These dates were chosen based on cover of wet snow derived from SAR-based maps published by Vickers et al. (2022).\n- **Curve fitting:** Seasonal NDVI trajectories are constructed per pixel using smoothed splines. Pixels with an insufficient number of observations with valid values, or with clear outliers in a given year, are excluded rather than interpolated, to avoid introducing artificial seasonal patterns.\n\n## Phenology Metrics\n\n| Metric | Description |\n|---|---|\n| `sos_doy` | Day of year on which NDVI first exceeds 50% of the seasonal maximum. |\n| `eos_doy` | Day of year on which NDVI last remains above 50% of the seasonal maximum. |\n| `peak_ndvi` | Maximum smoothed NDVI value reached during the growing season. |\n\nThe project was supported by the Norwegian Space Agency (project 74CO2304) and the Norwegian Polar Institute.","title":"Svalbard Land Surface Phenology from Sentinel-2 (NDVI 2018–2025)","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"VEGETATION","variableLevel1":"VEGETATION INDEX","variableLevel2":"NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX (NDVI)"}],"links":[{"href":"https://svalbardkartet.npolar.no/","title":"Svalbardkartet","rel":"service"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[8.964844,80.774716],[11.821289,74.136881],[30.893555,74.256559],[29.047852,80.843037],[8.964844,80.774716]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3857"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Virve","lastName":"Ravolainen","email":"virve.ravolainen@npolar.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Lia","lastName":"Lechler","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Clément","lastName":"Stouls","roles":["editor","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2018-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"3d9f1d10-2863-4bbc-b670-e1f0e8c31187"},{"id":"6bb2539a-0297-43e7-8251-f3e71b40bd71","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.6bb2539a","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-7 79,-3.2 79,-3.3 78.5,-5 78.5,-7 79)))","bbox":[-7,78.5,-3.2,79],"createdBy":"9ffb6e5b-686b-4f9e-b72d-b5d1ead69358","modifiedBy":"9ffb6e5b-686b-4f9e-b72d-b5d1ead69358","publishedBy":"9ffb6e5b-686b-4f9e-b72d-b5d1ead69358","created":"2026-06-17T09:55:32Z","modified":"2026-07-24T07:29:03Z","published":"2026-07-24T07:29:03Z","content":{"summary":"# Mooring and instrument information\nSeawater velocity measurements from Aanderaa Instruments Recording Current Meters (RCM4,  RCM7 or RCM8) and some Doppler Current Meters (DCM12, for 1996-1997 only) and hydrographic data from moored Sea-Bird Electronics SBE16 instruments with temperature (T), salinity (S), and pressure (P) sensors from the moorings FWA1, FWA2/FWA3, V1, V2, V3 and M1 or M2 located in the East Greenland Current at a target latitude of 79°N between roughly 3°W and 7°W between June/August 1991 and May/August 1997. The 1992-1993 deployment was at target latitude of 78°30’N. \n\nExact mooring positions, deployment dates and types and depths of instruments are given in the mooring overview table in the Files section (go to the tab in the upper right), where instrument records are grouped by deployment year.  \n\n# Data quality\nData are provided at the original sampling rate (which varied from 30 minutes to 2 hours). Velocity data have been corrected for the magnetic declination (obtained through igrf.m (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/international-geomagnetic-reference-field) as monthly means). Some but not all RCMs and DCMs also had a temperature (T) and pressure (P) sensor and sometimes also a salinity (S) sensor (data included only if of seemingly good quality, i.e. salinity data from RCMs with obviously wrong values have been removed (e.g., S\u003e36psu)). Temperature and salinity sensor data from the SBE16s have been calibrated either pre-deployment and/or sometimes also post-deployment. ","title":"Moored current meter and hydrographic data from the East Greenland Current at 79°N or 78°30’N between 1991-1997","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CIRCULATION","variableLevel1":"OCEAN CURRENTS","variableLevel2":"SUBSURFACE CURRENTS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY","variableLevel1":"OCEAN SALINITY"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-7,79],[-3.2,79],[-3.3,78.5],[-5,78.5],[-7,79]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Laura ","lastName":"de Steur","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"laura.de.steur@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-6043-7920","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","processor"]},{"firstName":"Knut ","lastName":"Aagaard","organisation":"University of Washington","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Svein","lastName":"Østerhus","organisation":"NORCE, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research","email":"svos@norceresearch.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9915-2685","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Jens","lastName":"Meincke","organisation":"University of Hamburg","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Rebecca","lastName":"Woodgate","organisation":"University of Washingon","email":"woodgate@uw.edu","orcid":"0000-0002-8901-6783","roles":["author","pointOfContact","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"1991-07-31T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"1997-08-30T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"ccf6fa50-36f0-44e6-9635-0d6ad3b1c523"},{"id":"7f919537-cb1e-4c4d-a1e9-f4c414a62fbf","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.7f919537","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-180 89.999999,180 89.999999,180 -89.999999,-180 -89.999999,-180 89.999999)))","bbox":[-180,-89.999999,180,89.999999],"createdBy":"fe1c1215-cadd-47f5-8c98-b92559725f29","modifiedBy":"fe1c1215-cadd-47f5-8c98-b92559725f29","publishedBy":"fe1c1215-cadd-47f5-8c98-b92559725f29","created":"2026-06-17T04:31:23Z","modified":"2026-07-10T08:13:23Z","published":"2026-07-09T11:58:03Z","content":{"summary":"This dataset contains the geographic positions of the icebreaking research vessel RV Kronprins Haakon, provided as GeoJSON features.","title":"Geographic positions of RV Kronprins Haakon","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"AQUATIC SCIENCES"}],"links":[{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/kph","title":"NRT live position of RV Kronprins Haakon","rel":"service"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-180,89.999999],[180,89.999999],[180,-89.999999],[-180,-89.999999],[-180,89.999999]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3857"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Olaf","lastName":"Schneider","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"olaf.schneider@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-4794-4151","roles":["pointOfContact","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2026-06-18T00:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"e72ee78d-b5e3-4e76-8056-b5b3c659662d"},{"id":"7b676d79-8a91-409f-92e4-e8b7c94f293a","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.7b676d79","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((10.122375 78.620434,56.245873 82.440727,100.716671 89.786378,-113.23523 85.241429,-9.414784 81.55539,-15.339921 78.02692,10.122375 78.620434)))","bbox":[-113.23523,78.02692,100.716671,89.786378],"createdBy":"2d5fbe1a-647e-41b7-898c-062c3547dd41","modifiedBy":"2d5fbe1a-647e-41b7-898c-062c3547dd41","publishedBy":"2d5fbe1a-647e-41b7-898c-062c3547dd41","created":"2026-06-15T09:53:57Z","modified":"2026-08-07T05:53:50Z","published":"2026-08-07T05:53:50Z","content":{"summary":"This dataset contains measurements of sea-ice density for 30 sea-ice cores collected in the Nansen and Amundsen basins of the Arctic Ocean and on Svalbard between February 2015 and May 2025. \n\nSampling was conducted during the Norwegian Young Sea ICE (N-ICE2015) expedition (Granskog et al., 2016), MOSAiC expedition (2019–2020; Nicolaus et al., 2022), two Arctic cruises onboard RV Kronprins Haakon in the framework of the SUDARCO FRAM Centre project in 2022 and 2023 (Dodd et al., 2023), as well as annual spring field campaigns in Kongsfjorden in Svalbard (Pavlova et al., 2019).\n\nIce cores were extracted using a 9 cm internal-diameter Kovacs Enterprises Mark II ice corer. All cores were collected from level ice considered representative of the respective area. Density was measured in the freezer lab at the Norwegian Polar Institute using hydrostatic weighing (Pustogvar and Kulyakhtin, 2016) with kerosene (also known as paraffin, lamp oil) as the submersion liquid. Density during MOSAiC was measured aboard RV Polarstern. For density determination, we used a Shimadzu UX4200H precision balance equipped with an SMK-101 specific gravity measurement kit. The typical measurement uncertainty was about 0.2% and never exceeded 2%.\n\nAs supplementary data, the dataset also presents profiles of sea-ice temperature and salinity, together with ice thickness, draft and snow depth measured in situ. Sea-ice temperature was measured in situ using dedicated temperature cores at 5–10 cm vertical resolution. Bulk salinity was determined from melted ice-core sections using a conductivity meter. \n\nRelative brine volume, gas volume, and in-situ ice density were calculated from measured salinity, laboratory density, and temperature following established sea-ice property parameterizations (Cox and Weeks, 1983, Leppäranta and Manninen, 1988). Laboratory-measured density was corrected from freezer lab temperature to in-situ ice temperature using three assumptions:\n\na) Negligible effect of thermal expansion when correcting to the in-situ measured sea-ice temperature;\n\nb) Connected brine and gas pockets, yielding values nearly identical to laboratory-measured density, with thermal-expansion corrections smaller than 3 kg m⁻³;\n\nc) Disconnected brine and gas pockets, yielding higher density values than laboratory-measured density because the gas volume remains fixed while the brine volume expands upon warming.\n\nTwo data products are provided. The core-averaged dataset contains bulk properties with one record per ice core, while the section-level dataset contains measurements from individual ice-core sections and preserves the vertical structure of each core. Both products include metadata describing variables, units, and measurement methods. The data are provided as XLS spreadsheets and NetCDF files.\n\nReferences\n\nCox, G.F.N. and Weeks, W.F. (1983). *Equations for determining the gas and brine volumes in sea ice samples*. Journal of Glaciology, 29(102), 306–316. https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000008364.\n\nDodd, P. A., et al. (2023). Sustainable development of the Arctic Ocean. Fram Forum, 12, 35-41. https://framforum.com/2023/02/28/sustainable-development-of-the-arctic-ocean/  \n\nGranskog, M., Assmy, P., Gerland, S., Spreen, G., Steen, H., \u0026 Smedsrud, L. H. (2016). Arctic research on thin ice—Consequences of Arctic sea ice loss. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 97(5), 22–26. \n\nLeppäranta, M. and Manninen, T. (1988). *The brine and gas content of sea ice with attention to low salinities and high temperatures*. Finnish Institute of Marine Research Internal Report 2. http://hdl.handle.net/1834/23905\n\nNicolaus, M., Perovich, D. K., Spreen, G., Granskog, M. A., von Albedyll, L., Angelopoulos, M., Anhaus, P., Arndt, S., Belter, H. J., Bessonov, V., Birnbaum, G., Brauchle, J., Calmer, R., Cardellach, E., Cheng, B., Clemens-Sewall, D., Dadic, R., Damm, E., de Boer, G., Demir, O., Dethloff, K., Divine, D. V., Fong, A. A., Fons, S., Frey, M. M., Fuchs, N., Gabarró, C., Gerland, S., Goessling, H. F., Gradinger, R., Haapala, J., Haas, C., Hamilton, J., Hannula, H.-R., Hendricks, S., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hoppmann, M., Høyland, K. V., Huntemann, M., Hutchings, J. K., Hwang, B., Itkin, P., Jacobi, H.-W., Jaggi, M., Jutila, A., Kaleschke, L., Katlein, C., Kolabutin, N., Krampe, D., Kristensen, S. S., Krumpen, T., Kurtz, N., Lampert, A., Lange, B. A., Lei, R., Light, B., Linhardt, F., Liston, G. E., Loose, B., Macfarlane, A. R., Mahmud, M., Matero, I. O., Maus, S., Morgenstern, A., Naderpour, R., Nandan, V., Niubom, A., Oggier, M., Oppelt, N., Pätzold, F., Perron, C., Petrovsky, T., Pirazzini, R., Polashenski, C., Rabe, B., Raphael, I. A., Regnery, J., Rex, M., Ricker, R., Riemann-Campe, K., Rinke, A., Rohde, J., Salganik, E., Scharien, R. K., Schiller, M., Schneebeli, M., Semmling, M., Shimanchuk, E., Shupe, M. D., Smith, M. M., Smolyanitsky, V., Sokolov, V., Stanton, T., Stroeve, J., Thielke, L., Timofeeva, A., Tonboe, R. T., Tavri, A., Tsamados, M., Wagner, D. N., Watkins, D., Webster, M., Wendisch, M., \u0026 MOSAiC Snow and Sea Ice Team. (2022). Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Snow and sea ice. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 10, 000046. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.000046\n\nPavlova, O., Gerland, S. and Hop, H. (2019). Changes in Sea-Ice Extent and Thickness in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (2003–2016). In: Hop, H., Wiencke, C. (eds) The Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Advances in Polar Ecology, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46425-1_4\n\nPustogvar, V. and Kulyakhtin, S. (2016). Sea ice density determination using hydrostatic weighing. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 131, 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2016.09.001 \n\n\n","title":"Sea-ice density from ice cores collected in the western Arctic Basin and in a Svalbard fjord.","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"}],"links":[{"href":"https://framsenteret.no/forskning/forskning-for-god-forvaltning-av-polhavet-sudarco/","title":"Sustainable Development of the Arctic Ocean (SUDARCO)","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://npolar.no/en/projects/n-ice2015/","title":"N-ICE2015","rel":"project"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[10.122375,78.620434],[56.245873,82.440727],[100.716671,89.786378],[-113.23523,85.241429],[-9.414784,81.55539],[-15.339921,78.02692],[10.122375,78.620434]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Dmitry V.","lastName":"Divine","organisation":"Norsk Polarinstitutt","email":"dmitry.divine@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0003-0548-6698","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Sebastian","lastName":"Gerland","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"sebastian.gerland@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-2295-9867","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Evgenii","lastName":"Salganik","organisation":"Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung","email":"evgenii.salganik@awi.de","orcid":"0000-0001-8383-7815","roles":["author","editor","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Mats","lastName":"Granskog","organisation":"Norsk Polarinstitutt","email":"mats@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-5035-4347","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2015-01-31T23:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2025-05-30T00:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"ab32b51e-697f-4d77-9d3b-b2bd0f9273cb"},{"id":"6fa2d077-2108-441f-8d5a-e9b9b85ed287","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.6fa2d077","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POINT(29.622589 77.994939),POINT(29.622589 77.994939),POINT(29.622589 77.994939),POINT(29.622589 77.994939))","bbox":[29.622589,77.994939,29.622589,77.994939],"createdBy":"7f4d44d2-7725-4ef5-95c3-b0e4eca14168","modifiedBy":"7f4d44d2-7725-4ef5-95c3-b0e4eca14168","publishedBy":"7f4d44d2-7725-4ef5-95c3-b0e4eca14168","created":"2026-05-28T08:49:40Z","modified":"2026-06-15T06:32:18Z","published":"2026-06-15T06:32:18Z","content":{"summary":"Biomarker data (IP25, IPSO25, HBI III, HBI IV, phytosterols) and OxCal 4.4 age-depth model from sediment core KH18-10-04-MC01A (“NPAL04”). The data originates from a marine sediment core KH18-10-04-MC01A in the northern Barents Sea. The core  was obtained using a multicorer during a cruise with RV “Kronprins Haakon” carried out by Norwegian Polar Institute for the Nansen Legacy project in 2018. The research aims were 1) obtain baseline values for natural fluctuations of sea-ice evolution and productivity in northern Barents Sea – Svalbard region within historical time, and 2) to investigate seasonal sea-ice minimum and late-season ice-edge productivity in marine sedimentary paleo records.","title":"Late-Holocene diatom biomarker data and age-depth model outputs NPAL04 from northern Barents Sea (~78° N) ","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CLIMATE INDICATORS","term":"PALEOCLIMATE INDICATORS","variableLevel1":"PALEOCLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[29.622589,77.994939]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[29.622589,77.994939]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[29.622589,77.994939]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[29.622589,77.994939]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Pienkowski","organisation":"University Centre of Svalbard, Adam Mickiewicz University, Norwegian Polar institute","email":"annap@unis.no","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Simon","lastName":"Belt","organisation":"University of Plymouth","email":"s.belt25@gmail.com","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Katrine","lastName":"Husum","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"katrine.husum@npolar.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Lukas","lastName":"Smik","organisation":"University of Exeter","email":"l.smik@exeter.ac.uk","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Dmitry","lastName":"Divine","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"dmitry.divine@npolar.no","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2018-09-30T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2020-12-30T23:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"d245489e-9168-4bbf-a7ff-920c674576bc"},{"id":"8bcd71cc-5d19-4dbb-87bd-12ec2919dbd2","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.8bcd71cc","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((0.298058 -67.763236,14.319624 -67.911346,14.653007 -69.824119,-0.021837 -70.225602,0.298058 -67.763236)))","bbox":[-0.021837,-70.225602,14.653007,-67.763236],"createdBy":"2bbf6d4d-51c8-4feb-bc5a-6e4c053dadf5","modifiedBy":"2bbf6d4d-51c8-4feb-bc5a-6e4c053dadf5","publishedBy":"2bbf6d4d-51c8-4feb-bc5a-6e4c053dadf5","created":"2026-05-14T13:52:21Z","modified":"2026-05-14T14:33:07Z","published":"2026-05-14T14:09:08Z","content":{"summary":"The Troll Transect Cruise 2023/24 cruise (TT24) was the annual cargo supply mission to Troll Station, Antarctica. The cruise was conducted aboard the M/V Silver Arctic, travelling from Cape Town to the Antarctic ice shelf edge near 70°S, 4°E, carrying equipment and supplies for the research station. The TrollTransect cruises are repeated annually, and a new data set is published for each cruise.\n\nPlease refer to the TT24 cruise report for full information. 5 profiles were collected with a SBE911+ CTD system (2 x temp, 2x conductivity, oxygen, fluorescence, backscattering) from a container-based modular science deck that is operated on the cargo vessel. Temperature profiles were measured using dual SBE 03 temperature sensors. Conductivity profiles were measured using dual SBE 04 conductivity sensors. Salinity profiles were calculated from temperature and conductivity profiles.\n\nDwoncast profiles were binned on 1 dB pressure bins and manually reviewed. Final salinity values are based on primary C/T sensors, with an offset of 0.005 (0.02 for station 5) added to sensor values based on the comparison of salinity values from CTD (.btl-files) with salinometer measurements from bottle samples.\n","title":"CTD profiles from the TrollTransect2024 cruise to the Kong Håkon VII Hav, Antarctica","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY","variableLevel1":"CONDUCTIVITY"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY","variableLevel1":"CONDUCTIVITY","variableLevel2":"CONDUCTIVITY PROFILES"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE","variableLevel1":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE PROFILES"}],"links":[{"href":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3118569","title":"Troll Transect 2024 cruise report","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[0.298058,-67.763236],[14.319624,-67.911346],[14.653007,-69.824119],[-0.021837,-70.225602],[0.298058,-67.763236]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3031"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Zoé","lastName":"Koenig","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","orcid":"0000-0002-7203-3827","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Sebastien","lastName":"Moreau","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","orcid":"0000-0001-9446-812X","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Megan","lastName":"Lenss","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Johanne Jahnsen","lastName":"Hus","organisation":"University of Tasmania","orcid":"0009-0001-2438-012X","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Anette","lastName":"Wold","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Tore","lastName":"Hattermann","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"tore.hattermann@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-5538-2267","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2024-01-19T23:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2024-01-31T23:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"38fac44f-842f-41d6-9363-745554d3b26e"},{"id":"f9c9c4c1-596d-470e-948b-769fa1351794","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.f9c9c4c1","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-6.847806 78.79572,-2.762323 78.79572,-2.762323 78.973627,-6.891735 78.973627,-6.847806 78.79572)))","bbox":[-6.891735,78.79572,-2.762323,78.973627],"createdBy":"2d5fbe1a-647e-41b7-898c-062c3547dd41","modifiedBy":"2d5fbe1a-647e-41b7-898c-062c3547dd41","publishedBy":"2d5fbe1a-647e-41b7-898c-062c3547dd41","created":"2026-05-05T14:12:26Z","modified":"2026-11-06T16:12:22Z","published":"2026-11-06T16:12:22Z","content":{"summary":"The dataset contains monthly mean sea ice draft data from the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory at 78.83°N for the period of September 2018 to 2024. The monthly means were derived from the original higher resolution (1-2 seconds time interval) sea-ice draft data time-series acquired by Upward Looking Sonars (ULS) (IPS5 - Ice Profiling Sonar model 5 from ASL Environmental Sciences) from four taut-line moorings of the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory at 78.83°N between 3°W and 6.5°W via averaging of the respective daily means. Note that open water periods were discarded from calculations.\n\nThe section latitude is close to 78.83°N for the covered period while longitudinal positions of the moorings are approximately 3° W (F11), 4° W (F12), 5° W (F13), and 6.5° W (F14). The exact coordinates of the moorings therefore slightly change year to year depending on sea-ice/sea surface conditions at the time of deployment. The coordinates of each mooring in each year can be found in the respective data file as an attribute of the data object. The original data gained from ULS/IPSs are travel times of sound reflected at the bottom of floating sea ice. The raw data are converted to sea ice draft data by ASL Environmental Science Inc. for the period of 2018 to 2020, or at NPI for the period of 2020-2024 (except for sites F13-22 and F14-23), following standard procedures described in Melling et al. (1995) and Fissel et al. (2008). \nThe original ice drift data are averaged over each daily period and then monthly mean ice draft is calculated. \n\nNote that this dataset extends the following data set:\n\nSumata, H., Divine, D., \u0026 de Steur, L. (2021). Monthly mean sea ice draft from the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory since 1990. [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2021.5B717274\n\nReference: \n\nMelling, H., P. H. Johnston, and D. A. Riedel, 1995: Measurements of the Underside Topography of Sea Ice by Moored Subsea Sonar. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 589–602, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1995)012\u003c0589:MOTUTO\u003e2.0.CO;2. \n\nFissel, D.B., Marko, J.R. and H. Melling, 2008: Advances in upward looking sonar technology for studying the processes of change in Arctic Ocean ice climate, Journal of Operational Oceanography, 1(1), 9-18, DOI: 10.1080/1755876X.2008.11081884. \n\nASL Environmental Sciences Inc., Data Processing and analysis of ice keel depths, Fram Strait, 2006-2007. Report for Norsk Polarinstitutt, Tromsø, Norway by ASL Environmental Sciences Inc., Victoria, B.C. Canada (2009) \n\nAcknowledgements:\n\nAcquiring these data has been made possible by the long-term observations from the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory maintained by the Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI). The authors are grateful to engineers and logistical personnel at the NPI for the dedicated work on servicing the moorings of the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory. We would also like to thank the captains and crew of FF Kronprins Haakon for support and assistance with recovery and deployment of the moorings, often during challenging conditions. We also acknowledge scientists that previously had leading roles with ULS NPI data collection and analysis: Torgny Vinje, Terje Brink Løyning, Edmond Hansen, Gunnar Spreen and Hiroshi Sumata.","title":"Monthly mean sea ice draft from the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory during 2018-2024","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE","variableLevel1":"ICE DRAFT"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SEA ICE","variableLevel1":"ICE DRAFT"}],"links":[{"href":"https://npolar.no/en/projects/fram-strait-arctic-outflow-observatory/","title":"The Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory","rel":"project"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-6.847806,78.79572],[-2.762323,78.79572],[-2.762323,78.973627],[-6.891735,78.973627],[-6.847806,78.79572]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3857"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Dmitry V.","lastName":"Divine","organisation":"Norsk Polarinstitutt","email":"dmitry.divine@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0003-0548-6698","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Laura","lastName":"de Steur","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"laura.de.steur@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-6043-7920","roles":["author","editor","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Svetlana","lastName":"Divina","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"sdivina@gmail.com","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Sebastian","lastName":"Gerland","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"sebastian.gerland@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-2295-9867","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2018-08-31T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2024-08-31T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"fe2f1f35-c4c4-4b3e-80cc-1750cc371aca"},{"id":"05249f5c-5e07-431f-a218-c2aec21cfeb1","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.05249f5c","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-16.511219 78.999373,-16.511219 78.624229,0.621451 78.624229,0.621451 78.999373,-16.511219 78.999373)))","bbox":[-16.511219,78.624229,0.621451,78.999373],"createdBy":"2d5fbe1a-647e-41b7-898c-062c3547dd41","modifiedBy":"2d5fbe1a-647e-41b7-898c-062c3547dd41","publishedBy":"2d5fbe1a-647e-41b7-898c-062c3547dd41","created":"2026-04-14T09:18:23Z","modified":"2026-08-17T10:39:02Z","published":"2026-08-17T10:39:02Z","content":{"summary":"The data set presents the annual and monthly estimates of southward sea ice volume transport (SIVT) through Fram Strait at 79°N/78.83°N for the period of 1991-2024 calculated using a combination of sea ice draft data from the upward looking sonars (ULS) and satellite sea ice concentration and drift. This dataset updates the previous SIVT estimates presented in Spreen et al., (2020) and Sumata et al., (2022). \n \nIce draft was measured by ULS deployed at moorings F11 (3°W), F12 (4.25°W), F13 (5°W) and F14 (6.5°W) from the Norwegian Polar Institute at a latitude of 79°N (before September 2002) or 78.83°N (after September 2002). Monthly mean values of sea ice draft were derived from raw ice draft data and converted to monthly ice thickness by assuming hydrostatic balance and multiplying the measured ULS sea ice draft by a factor of 1.136.\n\nThe dataset uses monthly mean meridional sea-ice drift speed at the Fram Strait section derived from daily sea-ice motion vectors from Polar Pathfinder Daily 25 km EASE-Grid Sea Ice Motion Vectors, Version 4.1 (Tschudi, M., et a., 2025).  Monthly sea-ice concentrations are from the Global Sea Ice Concentration Climate Data Records of the EUMETSAT OSI SAF version OSI-450-a (EUMETSAT OSI SAF, 2025).\n\nFor calculating monthly sea-ice volume transport (SIVT), we followed the method of Sumata et al., (2022). The Fram Strait section was discretized in 0.2 degrees (4.32 km at 78.8° N) zonal segments. The monthly sea-ice volume transport at each segment is then calculated as\na product of sea-ice thickness, sea-ice concentration, and sea-ice drift velocity perpendicular to the section along the transect, respectively, derived from the original data products using linear interpolation follow Sumata et al., (2022) and de Steur et al., (2026). Zonal integration/aggregation yields the total monthly SIVT in Fram Strait, while the total annual SIVT for a specific year is calculated as the sum of monthly fluxes from August of the preceding year to July of the year. Uncertainty of the sea-ice volume transport is calculated using error propagation approach, assuming statistical independence of three variables used.\n\nData are presented in two separate ascii txt/csv files for monthly and annual volume fluxes. Filenames are selfexplanatory.\nMonthly SIVT flux file contains four columns for year, month, monthly SIVT (values negative to show primarily southward sea-ice drift) and SIVT uncertainty.\nAnnual SIVT flux file contains seven columns for year,  annual SIVT,  SIVT uncertainty, SIVT fractional uncertainty, fractional uncertainty contributions from the zonal extrapolation of ice thickness (see Sumata et al., 2022),  ice concentration and drift speed, respectively.\nMissing values are indicated by NaNs.\n\nThis dataset updates and supercedes Spreen, G., de Steur, L., Divine, D., Hansen, E., Gerland, S., \u0026 Kwok, R. (2020). Fram Strait Sea Ice Volume Transport based on ULS Ice Thickness and Satellite Ice Drift [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2020.696B80DB\n\nReferences:\n\nde Steur et al., 2026 (to be provided at the publication stage)\n\nEUMETSAT OSI SAF, Global sea ice concentration climate data record 1978-2020 (v3.1, 2025), OSI-450-a1, doi:10.15770/EUM_SAF_OSI_0023\n\nSpreen, G. et al. Arctic sea ice volume export through Fram Strait from 1992 to 2014. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans 125, e2019JC016039 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC016039\n\nSumata, H., de Steur, L., Gerland, S. et al. Unprecedented decline of Arctic sea ice outflow in 2018. Nat Commun 13, 1747 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29470-7\n\nTschudi, M., W. N. Meier, J. S. Stewart, C. Fowler, and J. Maslanik. 2025. Polar Pathfinder Daily 25 km EASE-Grid Sea Ice Motion Vectors, Version 4.1. Boulder, Colorado USA. NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center. https://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0116. https://doi.org/10.5067/INAWUWO7QH7B. [last access date: December 15, 2025]. \n\nTschudi, M., W. N. Meier, J. S. Stewart, C. Fowler, and J. Maslanik. 2025. Polar Pathfinder Daily 25 km EASE-Grid Sea Ice Motion Vectors, Version 4.1. Boulder, Colorado USA. NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center. doi: https://doi.org/10.5067/INAWUWO7QH7B. [last access date: December 15, 2025] were provided in netCDF format (file version fv0.01) by the Integrated Climate Data Center (ICDC, https://www.cen.uni-hamburg.de/en/icdc) University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. \n\n","title":"Annual and monthly sea-ice volume transport through Fram Strait during 1991-2024 from ULS sea-ice thickness and satellite sea-ice drift","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CLIMATE INDICATORS","term":"CRYOSPHERIC INDICATORS","variableLevel1":"SEA ICE CONCENTRATION"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SEA ICE","variableLevel1":"SEA ICE VOLUME"}],"links":[{"href":"https://npolar.no/prosjekter/fram-strait-arctic-outflow-observatory/","title":"The Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory","rel":"project"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-16.511219,78.999373],[-16.511219,78.624229],[0.621451,78.624229],[0.621451,78.999373],[-16.511219,78.999373]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3857"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Dmitry V.","lastName":"Divine","organisation":"Norsk Polarinstitutt","email":"dmitry.divine@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0003-0548-6698","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Laura","lastName":"de Steur","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"laura.de.steur@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-6043-7920","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Hiroshi","lastName":"Sumata","organisation":"Norwegian Meteorological Institute","email":"hiroshi.sumata@met.no","orcid":"0000-0002-2832-2875","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Svetlana","lastName":"Divina","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Jan","lastName":"IJzerman","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"1990-07-31T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2024-07-30T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"b252a1c4-8e1c-4b6a-aa97-535bca739479"},{"id":"f82783c7-01a3-47d3-95f8-802e321bb1fe","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.f82783c7","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(LINESTRING(-8.048138 78.885342,-1.622167 78.940329))","bbox":[-8.048138,78.885342,-1.622167,78.940329],"createdBy":"9ffb6e5b-686b-4f9e-b72d-b5d1ead69358","modifiedBy":"9ffb6e5b-686b-4f9e-b72d-b5d1ead69358","publishedBy":"9ffb6e5b-686b-4f9e-b72d-b5d1ead69358","created":"2026-04-14T07:47:47Z","modified":"2026-09-18T12:00:48Z","published":"2026-08-17T10:31:16Z","content":{"summary":"These velocity and salinity data have been collected by moorings of the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory (FSAOO) at 78°50’N (F17 at 8°W, F14 at 6.5°W, F13b at 5.5°W, F13 at 5°W, F12 at 4°W, F11 at 3°W, F10 at 2°W) between Sept. 2003-Aug. 2019. In addition, the gridded data are provided for earlier mooring deployments 1991-1997, and 1997-2003. In Sep 2003, the shelf mooring F17 (8°W) was added.\n\nThe moorings have been maintained by the Norwegian Polar Institute (between 2003-2016, F10 was maintained by the Alfred Wegener Institute). The time-series of freshwater transport are calculated from the gridded salinity and velocity fields and are integrated over the mooring section between 8°W-2°W.  Note, that for the years before Sep 2003, the FWT estimates obtained a constant bias correction (of -26.6 mSv) to correct for the lack of the shelf mooring at 8°W. Freshwater transport (FWT) is provided relative to two reference salinities: Sref=34.9 and Sref=34.8.\n\nThe raw data collected from the moored instruments received standard post processing and quality control. Velocity data are corrected for magnetic deviation and tides are removed with a 41-hr low-pass filter. Data are monthly averaged. The salinity is based on mooring data combined with a seasonally varying hydrographic data set to improve the stratification and corrected for any density instabilities. Data gaps are treated with regression with neighbouring instruments or filled in with long-term mean values. Data are interpolated on a grid with bottom following contours below 150 m and horiontal z-levels with 10 m resolution above. Horizontal resolution is 0.25 degrees longitude. Interpolation for velocity is linear while salinity is interpolated cubically in the vertical. The gridded product has been corrected (back in time) for the effect of increasing instrument coverage of the mooring array.\n\nThis data set is an extension to 2024 based on Karpouzoglou, T., \u0026 de Steur, L. (2021). Fram Strait gridded monthly mean velocity and salinity and time-series of freshwater transport, freshwater content, volume transport and salt transport since 2003. [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2021.049178D8 and has obtained minor corrections and improvements relative to that.\n\n**Under construction: gridded data sets from before 2002 have been developed but are currently under review (1991-1997 and 1997-2002) and will be made public October 2026. Given the fewer moorings and instruments in those periods, there is a larger uncertainty associated with the gridded fields as well as the constructed freshwater time series. **\n\nLinks to the original high-resolution instrument data sets are given here:\n\n- de Steur, L., Aagaard, K., Østerhus, S., Meincke, J., \u0026 Woodgate, R. (2026). Moored current meter and hydrographic data from the East Greenland Current at 79°N or 78°30’N between 1991-1997 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2026.6BB2539A\n- de Steur, L. (2019). Moored current meter data from the western Fram Strait 1997-2009 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2019.8BB85388\n- de Steur, L. (2021). Moored current meter and hydrographic data from the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory since 2009 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2021.C4D80B64","title":"Fram Strait gridded monthly mean velocity and salinity and time-series of freshwater transport in the East Greenland Current obtained from the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory 1991-2024.","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CIRCULATION","variableLevel1":"OCEAN CURRENTS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CIRCULATION","variableLevel1":"FRESH WATER FLUX"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"HYDROGRAPHY"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CLIMATE INDICATORS","term":"ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS"}],"links":[{"href":"https://npolar.no/en/projects/fram-strait-arctic-outflow-observatory/","title":"The Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory website","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/project/30c9b964-9041-5008-8db4-3f6780aa5c80","title":"The Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2026.6BB2539A","title":"de Steur, L., Aagaard, K., Østerhus, S., Meincke, J., \u0026 Woodgate, R. (2026). Moored current meter and hydrographic data from the East Greenland Current at 79°N or 78°30’N between 1991-1997 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. ","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2019.8BB85388","title":"de Steur, L. (2019). Moored current meter data from the western Fram Strait 1997-2009 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. ","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2021.C4D80B64","title":"de Steur, L. (2021). Moored current meter and hydrographic data from the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory since 2009 [Dataset]. Norwegian Polar Institute. ","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[-8.048138,78.885342],[-1.622167,78.940329]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Laura","lastName":"de Steur","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"laura.de.steur@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-6043-7920","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Theodoros","lastName":"Karpouzoglou","organisation":"Marine and Freshwater Research Institute","email":"theodoros.karpouzoglou@hafogvatn.is","orcid":"0000-0003-0113-6287","roles":["processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"1991-08-01T00:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2024-07-30T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"3fac187d-3e9c-463c-954a-e27a4ee0c9ed"},{"id":"d05bfe78-4b3b-479e-9e45-70b60e2643fd","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.d05bfe78","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((122.119415 -78.01938,135.994822 -75.348372,124.985755 -71.589916,112.796188 -73.862463,122.119415 -78.01938)))","bbox":[112.796188,-78.01938,135.994822,-71.589916],"createdBy":"0c4db900-d32e-46ca-8d6b-e8bf95d32413","modifiedBy":"0c4db900-d32e-46ca-8d6b-e8bf95d32413","publishedBy":"0c4db900-d32e-46ca-8d6b-e8bf95d32413","created":"2026-04-13T14:36:12Z","modified":"2026-04-22T14:36:19Z","published":"2026-04-22T14:36:19Z","content":{"summary":"These data are subglacial boundary conditions surrounding Dome C, Antarctica, derived through new airborne radar survey data and stochastic simulations of ice thickness and bed elevations presented in Shackleton et al., (2026). All raster data are projected in an EPSG: 3031 Antarctic Polar Stereographic coordinate system with x1,x2,y1,y2 bounds: [1120000, 1520000, -1170000, -720000].\n\nThe data include: \n1. ice thickness (100 geotiff ensemble)\n2. bed elevation (100 geotiff ensemble)\n3. local topographic adjustments to background geothermal heat flow (100 geotiff ensemble)\n4. Subglacial drainage probability maps (1 map for water routing + 1 map for drainage divides)\n\nThe ensemble data are 100 equally-probable representations of ice thickness simulated using sequential Gaussian simulation methods. Subglacial drainage data represent probabilities of water routing and basin divides for each cell in the domain across the ensemble of simulated bed elevation.\n\nResults are discussed in the following publication:\n\"Improved subglacial boundary conditions near Dome C, Antarctica, through rigorous integration of multi-campaign radar data and an ensemble stochastic simulation approach\"\nSubmitted to [The Cryosphere by Shackleton, et al. 2026]\n","title":"Simulated ice thickness, bed elevation and local topographic adjustments to geothermal heat flow near Dome C, Antarctica","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CLIMATE INDICATORS","term":"CRYOSPHERIC INDICATORS","variableLevel1":"GLACIAL MEASUREMENTS","variableLevel2":"GLACIER/ICE SHEET THICKNESS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CLIMATE INDICATORS","term":"CRYOSPHERIC INDICATORS","variableLevel1":"GLACIAL MEASUREMENTS","variableLevel2":"GLACIER/ICE SHEET TOPOGRAPHY"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"LAND SURFACE","term":"TOPOGRAPHY","variableLevel1":"TERRAIN ELEVATION","variableLevel2":"BED ELEVATION"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"SOLID EARTH","term":"GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES","variableLevel1":"FLUVIAL LANDFORMS","variableLevel2":"WATERSHED/DRAINAGE BASINS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE","term":"GROUND WATER","variableLevel1":"GROUND WATER PROCESSES/MEASUREMENTS","variableLevel2":"DRAINAGE","variableLevel3":"DRAINAGE DIRECTION"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE","term":"SURFACE WATER","variableLevel1":"SURFACE WATER FEATURES","variableLevel2":"DRAINAGE BASINS"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[122.119415,-78.01938],[135.994822,-75.348372],[124.985755,-71.589916],[112.796188,-73.862463],[122.119415,-78.01938]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3031"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Calvin","lastName":"Shackleton","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"calvin.shackleton@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0003-4534-4598","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","processor"]},{"firstName":"Kenichi","lastName":"Matsuoka","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"kenichi.matsuoka@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-3587-3405","roles":["author","editor","principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2021-08-31T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2026-04-23T00:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"108f7fd7-2826-4d43-9934-898e1f619bcf"},{"id":"57c3317a-5878-4c07-9fd4-d15cd2ac157e","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.57c3317a","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POINT(23.369 83.757),POINT(12.486 81.09),POINT(22.569 81.574),POLYGON((23.369 83.757,12.486 81.09,22.569 81.574,23.369 83.757)))","bbox":[12.486,81.09,23.369,83.757],"createdBy":"303f927c-547a-4df3-bac6-5e952510a1e4","modifiedBy":"303f927c-547a-4df3-bac6-5e952510a1e4","publishedBy":"303f927c-547a-4df3-bac6-5e952510a1e4","created":"2026-03-31T07:43:06Z","modified":"2026-03-31T08:35:55Z","published":"2026-03-31T08:35:55Z","content":{"summary":"Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) data collected from the research vessel rosette during the ERC StG (no. 101162830) Micro-SHIFT (Microbial life of Sea ice Habitats Investigated for the Arctic) 2025 sea ice drift study aboard RV Kronprins Haakon (IMR 2025007006). Daily casts were done between 11-29 May, 2025 during the drift study. Refer to page 40 of the cruise report (https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2025.90E39C2B) for technical information of CTD array.\n\nData are available as a single netCDF file.","title":"Ship-based CTD, Micro-SHIFT sea ice drift: North of Svalbard, May 2025","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"MARINE ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel2":"PELAGIC","variableLevel3":"OCEANIC ZONE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY","variableLevel1":"OCEAN SALINITY"}],"links":[{"href":"https://uit.no/project/microshift","title":"Project","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://data.npolar.no/dataset/90e39c2b-fd7f-44d7-a58c-866f8dea66de","title":"Cruise Report","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[23.369,83.757]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[12.486,81.09]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[22.569,81.574]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[23.369,83.757],[12.486,81.09],[22.569,81.574],[23.369,83.757]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Zoe","lastName":"Koenig","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"zoe.c.koenig@uit.no","orcid":"0009-0009-9879-2694","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Karley","lastName":"Campbell","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"karley.l.campbell@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0001-5008-0705","roles":["principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["resourceProvider"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-05-10T22:00:00.000Z","endDate":"2025-05-28T22:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"abc383ec-f2ec-4efd-914f-c343617fc6a3"},{"id":"6895e9fd-0fe0-4673-b33a-6cc4fe821095","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.6895e9fd","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-4.143395 -70.269813,-4.067434 -66.129333,9.611975 -65.696311,11.791652 -69.518809,-4.143395 -70.269813)))","bbox":[-4.143395,-70.269813,11.791652,-65.696311],"createdBy":"2bbf6d4d-51c8-4feb-bc5a-6e4c053dadf5","modifiedBy":"2bbf6d4d-51c8-4feb-bc5a-6e4c053dadf5","publishedBy":"2bbf6d4d-51c8-4feb-bc5a-6e4c053dadf5","created":"2026-03-24T14:35:06Z","modified":"2026-05-14T13:13:02Z","published":"2026-05-14T12:44:59Z","content":{"summary":"Ocean microstructure profiles collected during the annual cargo supply and science mission to Troll Station, Antarctica.\n\nFrom 2020 to 2026, profiles were collected using Sea and Sun Technology vertical microstructure profiler (MSS90L), instruments MSS046 and MSS053. The MSS90L is loosely tethered and is deployed using a winch, electric on board and maunal on the sea ice. Dissipation rate is measured using two airfoil shear probes and a fast-responding thermistor (FP07). Unpumped temperture and conductivity sensors provide additional parameters; a Chl-a fluorometer is optionally installed. The sensors point downward when the instrument profiles vertically, and all sample at 1024 Hz. The instrument is ballasted for a typical fall speed of 0.6-0.7 m s-1 and is decoupled from operation induced tension by paying out cable at sufficient speed to keep it slack. Data are transmitted in real time to a topside data acquisition system stored in the Sea and Sun Technology-specific .MRD format.\n\nSee Troll Transect cruise report of the respective season for details of the specific profiles.","title":"Ocean microstructure profiles (MSS) from the Troll Transect cruises to Kong Haakon VII Hav, Antarctica, since 2020 (ongoing)","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY","variableLevel1":"SALINITY"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE","variableLevel1":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE PROFILES"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CIRCULATION","variableLevel1":"TURBULENCE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CIRCULATION","variableLevel1":"DIFFUSION"}],"links":[{"href":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3118569","title":"Troll Transect 2024 cruise report","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3191460","title":"Troll Transect 2025 cruise report","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-4.143395,-70.269813],[-4.067434,-66.129333],[9.611975,-65.696311],[11.791652,-69.518809],[-4.143395,-70.269813]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3031"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Tore","lastName":"Hattermann","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"tore.hattermann@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-5538-2267","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Johanne Jahnsen","lastName":"Hus","organisation":"Norwegian Poler Institute/ University of Tasmania","email":"johannejahnsen.hus@utas.edu.au","orcid":"0009-0001-2438-012X","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Zoé","lastName":"Koenig","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","orcid":"0000-0002-7203-3827","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Øyvind","lastName":"Foss","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","orcid":"0000-0002-3410-8904","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Sebastien","lastName":"Moreau","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","orcid":"0000-0001-9446-812X","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Elin","lastName":"Darelius","orcid":"0000-0003-3060-0317","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Vår","lastName":"Dundas","organisation":"Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center","orcid":"0000-0001-6397-9744","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Ragnheid","lastName":"Skogseth","organisation":"University Centre in Svalbard","orcid":"0000-0003-0210-4981","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Julius","lastName":"Lauber","organisation":"Multiconsult AS","orcid":"0000-0002-8410-0134","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2020-12-19T23:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"710b5d7d-145b-4e84-afde-5de2d7647e46"},{"id":"6fb0cf22-9879-4147-a0e6-bc460d8edeac","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.6fb0cf22","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((2.316297 82.039153,15.134585 75.877893,65.078837 77.580065,84.663508 81.783076,2.316297 82.039153)),POINT(47.207709 70.355708),POINT(-20.047009 69.028026),POINT(-16.023623 69.138008),LINESTRING(-20.047009 69.028026,-16.023623 69.138008))","bbox":[-20.047009,69.028026,84.663508,82.039153],"createdBy":"2a29fa3e-5905-4d23-8ac6-b93df8b5d5da","modifiedBy":"2a29fa3e-5905-4d23-8ac6-b93df8b5d5da","publishedBy":"2a29fa3e-5905-4d23-8ac6-b93df8b5d5da","created":"2026-03-17T17:34:26Z","modified":"2026-03-26T22:08:02Z","published":"2026-03-19T09:22:44Z","content":{"summary":"This dataset was used to investigate the ecological drivers of pollutant concentrations in Barents Sea polar bears with contrasting space use strategies (see linked publication Blevin et al., 2020). **Forty adult female polar bears from the Barents Sea** were captured throughout the Svalbard Archipelago in spring 2011–2018. Body mass was measured to the nearest kilogram and standard length and girth to the nearest centimeter. Age (years) was estimated from a vestigial premolar tooth for females captured for the first time as adults. Females were classified according to reproductive status: solitary (i.e., alone or together with a male in spring), with one or two cubs of the year (i.e., younger than one year), or with one or two yearlings (i.e., 1–2 years old).\n\n**Concentrations of lipophilic persistent organic pollutants (POPs)** were determined in subcutaneous adipose tissue samples after lipid extraction and clean up. POPs were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS).  Following compounds were analysed: trans- and cis-chlordane, oxy-chlordane, trans- and cis-nonachlor, α-, β-, and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane [HCH], mirex, hexachlorobenzene [HCB], o,p′- dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [DDT], p,p′-DDT, o,p′-dichlororodiphenyldichloroethane [DDD], p,p′-DDD, o,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene [DDE], p,p′-DDE, polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs] (−28, −52, −99, −101, −105, −118, −138, −153, −180, −183, −187, −194) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers [PBDEs] (−17, −28, −47, −49, −66, −71, −77, −85, −99, −100, −119, −126, −138, −153, −154, −156, −183, −184, −191, −196, −197, −202, −206, −207, −209). \n\n**Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)** were measured in cleaned plasma extracts using ultra high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS). We quantified perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS; linear and sum), perfluorononane sulfonate (PFNS),  perfluorodecane sulfonate (PFDS), perfluorohexanoate (PFHxA), perfluoroheptanoate (PFHpA), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorononanoate (PFNA), perfluorodecanoate (PFDA) and perfluoroundecanoate (PFUnDA), perfluorododecanoate (PFDoDA), perfluorotridecanoate (PFTrDA) and perfluorotetradecanoate (PFTeDA). \n\n**Bulk stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N)** in red blood cells and in hair roots were determined using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). **δ¹⁵N in amino acids** (AAs) from red blood cell and hair root samples was measured using GC IRMS. Following abbreviations are used for AAs: Alanine (Ala), Arginine (Arg), Asparagine (Asn), Aspartic acid (Asp), Cysteine (Cys), Glutamic acid (Glu), Glutamine (Gln), Glycine (Gly), Histidine (His), Isoleucine (Isoleu), Leucine (Leu), Lysine (Lys), Methionine (Met), Phenylalanine (Phe), Proline (Pro), Serine (Ser), Threonine (Thr), Tryptophan (Trp), Tyrosine (Tyr), and Valine (Val). \n\nAll individuals were equipped with GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite transmitters fitted around the neck. Data were transferred via the Iridium satellite system from 2013 onward (n = 37), and via the Argos system for three individuals (n = 3). **Annual home range size**, defined as the 50% minimum convex polygon (MCP), and the centroid latitude and longitude in WGS84 coordinate system were calculated for each bear. **Ecotype** (“pelagic” or “coastal”) was assigned based on the percentage of overlap between each individual’s MCP and the Svalbard area. A bear was classified as “coastal” if at least half of its annual home range fell within a polygon encompassing the four largest islands of the Svalbard Archipelago (Spitsbergen, Nordaustlandet, Edgeøya, and Barentsøya) and a 20 km buffer around each island. If at least 50% of the home range was outside this polygon, the bear was classified as “pelagic.” Ecotype assignments were checked and validated through visual inspection of each movement track. **Field metabolic rate** (FMR) outside the denning period (1 May–30 September) was calculated for each bear based on average daily speed corrected for sea is drift using the equation:\nFMR (kJ·kg⁻¹·day⁻¹) = 167.3 × speed (km·h⁻¹)+ 153\nDetailed processing of GPS data is described by Blanchet et al. 2020 (see linked publication).\n\n**POP and PFAS concentrations in adult harp seals** from the Greenland Sea stock and the White Sea–Barents Sea stock were used as a proxy for a west–east gradient in pollutant exposure in polar bear prey. Eleven harp seals from the White Sea–Barents Sea stock were collected in April 2018 during a commercial sealing campaign, while ten harp seals from the Greenland Sea stock were collected in April 2017 and March 2018. Body mass was measured to the nearest kilogram and standard length and girth to the nearest centimeter. Blubber thickness was measured at the sternum for the Greenland Sea individuals and on the dorsal side for the White Sea–Barents Sea individuals. Lipophilic POPs were determined in blubber and PFAS in plasma/serum as described above. \n\nThe data is divided in six files. The first one contains sampling, morphometric and habitat use data. \n\nsampling_telemetry.csv\n\nbulk_stable_isotopes.csv\n\nstable_isotopes_in_amino_acids.csv\n\nPFAS_polarBear_harpSeal.csv\n\nPOP_polarBear_harpSeal.csv\n\nPOP_limit_of_detection.csv\n\nDetailed methods are described in the linked publication Blevin et al. 2020. \nWhen applicable, column names are coded using Darwing Core terms [](https://dwc.tdwg.org/)\n\nAbbreviations for POPs and PFAS used in datafiles are described above. Following additional abbreviations are used in POP datafiles: \n- Oxy-CD\toxychlordane\n- t-CD\ttrans-chlordane\n- c-CD\tcis-chlordane\n- t-NC\ttrans-nonachlor\n- c-NC\tcis-nonachlor\n","title":"Pollutant concentrations, bulk and compound-specific stable isotopes, energy expenditure and latitudinal gradient in pollutant intake in coastal and pelagic polar bears from the Barents Sea","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS","variableLevel1":"ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS","variableLevel2":"TROPHIC DYNAMICS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS","variableLevel1":"SPECIES/POPULATION INTERACTIONS","variableLevel2":"USE/FEEDING HABITATS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"HUMAN DIMENSIONS","term":"ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS","variableLevel1":"CONTAMINANT LEVELS/SPILLS"}],"links":[{"href":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b04626","title":"Blévin et al., 2020. Pelagic vs coastal – Key drivers of pollutant levels in Barents Sea polar bears with contrasted space-use strategies. Environmental Science \u0026 Technology","rel":"publication"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13290","title":"Blanchet et al. 2020. Space-use strategy affects energy requirements in Barents Sea polar bears. Marine Ecology Progress Series","rel":"publication"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[2.316297,82.039153],[15.134585,75.877893],[65.078837,77.580065],[84.663508,81.783076],[2.316297,82.039153]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[47.207709,70.355708]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-20.047009,69.028026]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-16.023623,69.138008]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[-20.047009,69.028026],[-16.023623,69.138008]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Heli","lastName":"Routti","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"heli.routti@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0001-5560-888X","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Pierre","lastName":"Blevin","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","orcid":"0000-0002-5919-0246","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Jon","lastName":"Aars","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","orcid":"0000-0002-0574-6712","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Magnus","lastName":"Andersen","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Marie-Anne","lastName":"Blanchet","organisation":"The Arctic University of Norway","orcid":"0000-0001-6704-8568","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Linda","lastName":" Hanssen","organisation":"NILU","orcid":"0009-0009-0000-8698","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Dorte","lastName":"Herzke","organisation":"NILU","orcid":"0000-0001-9620-3053","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Rachel","lastName":"Jeffreys","organisation":"University of Liverpool","orcid":"0000-0001-6114-2334","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Erling","lastName":"Nordøy","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","orcid":"0000-0003-1035-1755","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Marianna","lastName":"Pinzone","organisation":"University of Liège","email":"mpinzone@uliege.be","orcid":"0000-0001-9686-2825","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Camille","lastName":"de la Vega","organisation":"University of Liverpool","orcid":"0000-0002-7302-7306","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["author","processor","resourceProvider"]},{"name":"University of Liverpool","roles":["author","processor"]},{"name":"NILU","roles":["author","processor"]},{"name":"University of Liege","roles":["author","resourceProvider"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2011-04-01","endDate":"2018-10-27"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"ebc32147-8017-46d9-9f4c-6a3a5d220dfc"},{"id":"77747a71-b457-42bf-a38c-0c4fde8001f2","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.77747a71","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-9.595546 -70.02463,27.678299 -69.570656,23.591429 -56.955919,-10.090105 -57.404582,-9.595546 -70.02463)))","bbox":[-10.090105,-70.02463,27.678299,-56.955919],"createdBy":"b158f6a5-b29a-4eee-83e2-d8a261fb9f8d","modifiedBy":"b158f6a5-b29a-4eee-83e2-d8a261fb9f8d","publishedBy":"b158f6a5-b29a-4eee-83e2-d8a261fb9f8d","created":"2026-03-12T12:35:42Z","modified":"2026-03-12T12:49:20Z","published":"2026-03-12T12:49:20Z","content":{"summary":"The data has been collected during the ecosystem cruise (NPI, DML2019) and subsequent monitoring cruises (NPI; Transekttokt) in Kong Håkon VII Hav from 2019 until today. The sampling covers Maud Rise, Astrid Ridge, a transect from the ice shelf across the shelf break into the deep ocean at approximately 6° East, and also includes other opportunistic stations in the area. The pelagic samples were collected using a 12-Niksin-bottle SBE32 carousel water sampler equipped with CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth; SBE91+ system) Niskin bottles (Kauko et al. 2021; Moreau et al. 2023). The sympagic samples were collected during ice stations with a Kovacs core-barrel 9-cm in diameter or during opportunistic ice sampling from the side of the ship (Kauko et al. 2021; Lenss et al. 2025). The krill samples were collected with a 42 m long macroplankton trawl with a 36 m2 mouth opening and diamond shaped meshes of 3x3 mm (7 mm stretched) throughout the trawl from mouth-opening to cod-end.\n\n# Measured variables include:\n## Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (POC / PON)\n### Mass in gram:\n+ PON [µg/L]\n+ POC [µg/L]\n### Mass in mol:\n+ PON [µmol/L]\n+ POC [µmol/L]\n### isotopic composition in ‰:\n+ δ13C [‰]\n+ δ15N [‰]\n\n# Methods\n\n## Method particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) and δ13C and δ15N isotopic composition\n\nPelagic and sympagic samples for POC, PON, δ13C and δ15N analyses were filtered through pre-combusted 25mm Whatman 0.7 µm GF/F filters (GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK) under low vacuum pressure (approximately −30 kPa; Moran et al., 1999) , dried at 60°C, and stored at room temperature in PALL filter slides until analysis at the Vrije Universiteit Brussels. \n\nKrill samples for POC, PON, δ13C and δ15N analyses were put in separate Ziploc bags (3-4 individuals of same sex and life stage per Ziploc bag) and frozen at –20°C until processing and analyses ashore. Krill individuals were then thawed, rinsed with Milli-Q water, photographed, and their wet weight and length measured (Marr 1962). Subsequently, they were freeze-dried for 24 hr and dry weights were determined.\n\nFor the analyses of POC, PON, δ13C, and δ15N, filters containing the pelagic and sympagic POM were placed into 11.5x7 mm tin cups (Elemental Microanalysis Ltd). Freeze-dried krill individuals were homogenized in a mortar (using the same groups of individuals as in the Ziploc bags they were preserved in) and placed into 11.5x7 mm tin cups (Elemental Microanalysis Ltd, UK). Carbon and nitrogen biomasses as well as bulk δ13C and δ15N compositions were then measured with a CHNS-O EA3100 EuroVector elemental analyzer coupled to a NU-Instrument Horizon and calibrated with IAEA-CH6 and IAEA-N1 at the Analytical, Environmental \u0026 Geo-Chemistry department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Belgium.\n\n# Data structure:\nThe data is following Darwin Core nomenclature as far as possible but also includes variables that aren’t supported by Darwin Core.  \n \n# Header name index\n## Event parameters\n+ expedition: cruise number for RV Kronprins Haakon, M/V Silver Arctic, M/V Malik Arctica or another vessel\n+ eventDate: the date-time when an event occurred, using ISO 8601-1:2019 format (2020-07-27T07:16:03.446Z).\n+ eventID: station name\n+ decimalLongitude: geographic latitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in geodetic datum)\n+ decimalLatitude: geographic longitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in geodeticDatum)\n+ bottomDepthInMeters: bottom depth in meters\n+ maximumDepthInMeters: sampling depth\n+ distanceFromCoreTop [cm]: distance in centimeters from the snow-ice interface to the start(top) of the sampled section of sea-ice core \n+ distanceFromCoreTop_to [cm]: distance in centimeters from the snow-ice interface to the end(bottom) of the sampling section of sea-ice core\n+ gearType: the gear used to take the sample e.g. MultiNet 200 µm\n+ fieldNumber_STI: human-readable sample ID for pelagic and sympagic samples (e.g. STI-001)\n+ fieldNumber_ZOI: human-readable sample ID for collected krill individuals (e.g. ZOI-001)\n+ sampleRemark: information about the sample\n+ eventRemarks: comments or remarks about the event\n\n## Result parameters\n### POC/PON\t\n+ POC [µmol]\n+ POC [µg]\n+ PON [µmol]\n+ PON [µg]\n+ C:N ratio\n+ δ13C [‰]\n+ δ15N [‰]\n+ filteredVolume\n\n# References\n+ Kauko, H. M. and others 2021. Phenology and environmental control of phytoplankton blooms in the Kong Håkon VII Hav in the Southern Ocean. Frontiers in Marine Science.\n+ Lenss, M. and others 2025. Incorporated platelet ice layers provide refuge for sea-ice algae in the Kong Håkon VII Hav. Marine Ecology Progress Series: 0-0.\n+ Marr, J. 1962. The Natural History and Geography of the Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba Dana). Cambridge: University Press.\n+ Moran, SB, Charette, MA, Pike, SM, Wicklund, CA. (1999). Differences in seawater particulate organic carbon concentration in samples collected using small- and large-volume methods: the importance of DOC adsportion to the filter blank. Marine Chemistry 67(1–2): 33–42. doi: 10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00047-X.\n+ Moreau, S., Hattermann, T., de Steur, L. et al. Wind-driven upwelling of iron sustains dense blooms and food webs in the eastern Weddell Gyre. Nat Commun 14, 1303 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36992-1\n","title":"Stable isotopes composition of phytoplankton, ice algae and krill from the Kong Håkon VII Hav, Antarctica (ongoing)","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel2":"PLANKTON","variableLevel3":"PHYTOPLANKTON"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS","variableLevel1":"ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS","variableLevel2":"FOOD-WEB DYNAMICS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION","term":"ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES","variableLevel1":"ARTHROPODS","variableLevel2":"CRUSTACEANS","variableLevel3":"EUPHAUSIIDS (KRILL)"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-9.595546,-70.02463],[27.678299,-69.570656],[23.591429,-56.955919],[-10.090105,-57.404582],[-9.595546,-70.02463]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3031"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Sebastien","lastName":"Moreau","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"sebastien.moreau@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9446-812X","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Hanna Maria","lastName":"Kauko","organisation":"Kongsberg Satellite Services, Tromsø, Norway","email":"hanna.kauko@ksat.no","orcid":"0000-0002-3384-6454","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Tone","lastName":"Falkenhaug","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","email":"tone.falkenhaug@hi.no","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Megan","lastName":"Lenss","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"megan.lenss@npolar.no","orcid":"0009-0007-5250-1826","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Anette","lastName":"Wold","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"anette.wold@npolar.no","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"David","lastName":"Verstraeten","organisation":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium","email":"david.verstraeten@vub.be","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Philippe","lastName":"Claeys","organisation":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","email":"phclaeys@vub.be","orcid":"0000-0002-4585-7687","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2019-03-01"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"1806299b-a7db-45fe-a55d-d0e6f2809846"},{"id":"807e1a75-886b-418e-9912-3384e907d328","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.807e1a75","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-104.238281 70.19255,105.292969 70.19255,104.765625 83.295685,-104.238281 83.336604,-104.238281 70.19255)),POINT(0 70))","bbox":[-104.238281,70,105.292969,83.336604],"createdBy":"4a3138c8-8356-4734-ab3a-c29afc3b2659","modifiedBy":"4a3138c8-8356-4734-ab3a-c29afc3b2659","publishedBy":"4a3138c8-8356-4734-ab3a-c29afc3b2659","created":"2026-03-11T15:47:07Z","modified":"2026-03-11T16:04:17Z","published":"2026-03-11T16:04:17Z","content":{"summary":"Binary masks representing the minimal and the maximal sea ice coverage for each year of the 1980-2024 time period were derived from passive microwave sea ice concentration data processed and published by the EUMETSAT OSI SAF (Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility) into three climate data records: for 1980-20201, for 2021-20242 and for 20253.\nFirst, the yearly sea ice frequency, representing the percentage of days covered by ice with a concentration of at least 15%, was calculated directly for each pixel of the original 25 km x 25 km sea ice concentration grid. The result is interpolated at a resolution of 5 km x 5 km and the binary mask is then obtained by marking all pixels with frequencies of at least 0.5% and 99.5%, to obtain the minimum and maximum sea ice extent, respectively (Figures S9-S17).\nWe use either the minimum or the maximum sea ice extent of the year when the profile was obtained to associate it with open water or sea ice-covered areas. The minimum sea ice extent is more likely to reflect a domain that was almost permanently sea ice-covered during a given year.\n1.\tEUMETSAT OSI SAF, Global sea ice concentration climate data record 1978-2020 (v3.1, 2025), OSI-450-a1, doi:10.15770/EUM_SAF_OSI_0023 https://osi-saf.eumetsat.int/products/osi-450-a1 \n2.\tEUMETSAT OSI SAF, Global sea ice concentration interim climate data record (SSMIS) (v3.0, 2022), OSI-430-a, doi:10.15770/EUM_SAF_OSI_0014 https://osi-saf.eumetsat.int/products/osi-430-a \n3.\tEUMETSAT OSI SAF, Global sea ice concentration interim climate data record (AMSR2) (v3.0, 2022), OSI-438, doi:10.15770/EUM_SAF_OSI_0024 https://osi-saf.eumetsat.int/products/osi-438 \n","title":"Ice coverage masks for the Arctic Ocean above 70N","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-104.238281,70.19255],[105.292969,70.19255],[104.765625,83.295685],[-104.238281,83.336604],[-104.238281,70.19255]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3857"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[0,70]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Anca","lastName":"Cristea","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"Anca.Cristea@npolar.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"1980-01-01","endDate":"2025-12-31"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"05a4cad8-450a-498c-a66d-b122dc5a44a5"},{"id":"fff3ae2a-958c-41d8-8937-97f971dfc171","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.fff3ae2a","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POINT(-106.607612 69.126615),POINT(-106.347656 69.0921))","bbox":[-106.607612,69.0921,-106.347656,69.126615],"createdBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","modifiedBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","publishedBy":"ac94af95-6de5-4c7a-90d6-f5e22d367d27","created":"2026-03-05T10:53:56Z","modified":"2026-03-18T15:09:25Z","published":"2026-03-18T15:09:25Z","content":{"summary":"Sea ice tethered upward looking velocity data from a Nortek Aquadopp Acoustic Doppler Current profiler (ADCP) moored at approximately 10 m depth below the sea ice. The ADCP was moored in Cambridge Bay in May 2022 at site poly1 (68.99N, 105.84W) and R2 (69,02N;105,36W). Horizontal and vertical velocities were collected every minute and the bin interval is 1m. Horizontal velocities were corrected from magnetic declination. Horizontal and vertical velocities were collected every minute. This dataset is a part of the BREATHE (Bottom-sea ice Respiration and nutrient Exchanges Assessed for THE Arctic) research project funded by the Research Council of Norway (Project number 325405). An overview of the data and details about the deployment are provided in the cruise report.","title":"Current Velocity Data for the BREATHE project: Cambridge Bay 2022","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CIRCULATION","variableLevel1":"OCEAN CURRENTS","variableLevel2":"CURRENT PROFILES"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-106.607612,69.126615]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-106.347656,69.0921]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3857"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Zoe ","lastName":"Koenig","organisation":"UiT the Arctic University of Norway","email":"zoe.c.koenig@uit.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","processor"]},{"firstName":"Karley ","lastName":"Campbell","organisation":"UiT the Arctic University of Norway","email":"karley.linn.campbell@uit.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT the Arctic University of Norway","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"],"email":"zoe.c.koenig@uit.no"},{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2022-05-01","endDate":"2022-05-31"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"3836207f-35c7-4827-880c-d0be99f56475"},{"id":"87ceb0c1-dc28-491d-a381-a3e135aa4ca8","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.87ceb0c1","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((7.720379 79.699253,33.243085 81.549769,168.580411 87.669941,7.720379 79.699253)))","bbox":[7.720379,79.699253,168.580411,87.669941],"createdBy":"2d38888d-3a24-46ad-8182-f66267a52cae","modifiedBy":"2d38888d-3a24-46ad-8182-f66267a52cae","publishedBy":"2d38888d-3a24-46ad-8182-f66267a52cae","created":"2026-02-18T10:14:59Z","modified":"2026-02-18T11:37:53Z","published":"2026-02-18T11:37:53Z","content":{"summary":"# Description:\nThe data has been collected during the Arctic Ocean cruises on the research vessel RV Kronprins Haakon. The cruise in 2022 (cruise number 2022710, 19.07-23.08.2022) sampled along a transect from north Pole (89.9 N, 28.1 E) to the southern Nansen Basin (81.5 N, 31.01 E). The cruise in 2023 (cruise number 2023007014, 10-29.08.2023) sampled two transects from the shelf into the Nansen Basin (Transect 1: 81.2 - 83.9 N along 20-22 E; Transect 2: 80.6 – 82.5 N along 28-30 E). The dataset contains mesozooplankton occurrence data (ind/m3) sampled using a MultiNet Mammoth at distinct depth layers from bottom to surface and macrozooplankton  occurrence data sampled using MIK net from 1000 m to the surface. \n\n# Sampling method:\nMesozooplankton has been collected using a Multinet Mammoth (HydroBios, opening: 1m2, net length: 550 cm, mesh-size 180 µm). The depth intervals were from the bottom-2500, 2500-2000, 2000-1500, 1500-1000, 1000-600, 600-200, 200-50, 50-20 and 20-0 m. MIK net (Method Isaacs-Kidd Midwater Trawl, opening 3.14 m2, length: 13 m, mesh size: 1500 µm in the main net and 500 µm in the rear 1 m of the net), hauled vertically in the upper 1000 m. All samples were preserved in 4 % formaldehyde free from acid. \n\n# Analyse method:\nAll samples have been analysed at Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IOPAN). The organisms were identified and counted under a stereomicroscope equipped with an ocular micrometer, according to standard procedures (Harris et al. 2000). Small-sized zooplankters (most of Copepoda, juvenile stages of Pteropoda, Euphausiacea, Ostracoda, Amphipoda and Chaetognatha) were identified and counted in sub-samples obtained from the fixed sample volume by automatic pipette (approximately 500 individuals). Large zooplankters (big Copepoda, Pteropoda, Euphausiacea, Ostracoda, Amphipoda, Decapoda, Appendicularia, Chaetognatha, and Pisces larvae) were sorted out and identified from the whole sample. Representatives of Calanus spp. were identified at the species level based on morphology and prosome lengths of individual copepodid stages (Kwasniewski et al. 2003).\n \n# Data structure:\nThe data is following Darwin Core nomenclature as far as possible but also include variables that aren’t supported by Darwin Core. All information about the sampling such as eventDate, latitude, longitude, depts etc is located in event file while the result such as scientificName, lifeStage, occurrence etc. are found in the occurrence file. Some of the core event data is also included in the occurrence file.\n \n# Header name index - events\n-\tfieldNumber: human-readable sample ID (e.g. ZOT-001)\n-\texpedition: cruise number for R/V Kronprins Haakon\n-\teventDate: the date-time when an event occurred, using ISO 8601-1:2019 format (2020-07-27T07:16:03.446Z).\n-\tlocationID: station name\n-\tdecimalLongitude: geographic latitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in geodetic datum)\n-\tdecimalLatitude: geographic longitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in geodeticDatum)\n-\tbottomDepthInMeters: bottom depth in meters\n-\teventRemarks: comments or remarks about the event (free text field)\n-\tgearType: the gear used to take the sample e.g. MultiNet 200 µm\n-\tmaximumDepthInMeters: bottom depth of the sampled layer\n-\tminimumDepthInMeters: top depth of the sampled layer\n-\tsampleType: description of the sample type according to a standard list\n-\tsampleRemarks: comments or remarks about the sample (free text field)\n-\tfieldSplit: info about whether the sample is split. If the sample was split in 2 then fieldSplit = 2\n-\tinitialSampleVolume: The volume of water filtered through the plankton net calculated based on the depth interval (maximum – minimum depth) and net opening (1 m2 for Multinet Mammoth) \n-\tinitialSampleVolumeUnit: unit used for the initial sample volume\n-\tflowmeterSampleVolume: Recorded by Multinet software “OceanLab” based on flow-meter readings.\n-\tflowmeterSampleVolumeUnit: unit used for the sample volume calculated by the \n-\tinitialSampleSizeValue: unit used for the initial sample volume recorded by OceanLab based on flowmeter recordings\n-\tsampleSizeMethod: Description of the method used to calculate the initial volume (theoretical method, regression, flowmeter recordings etc)\n-\tfixative: The fixative used to preserve the sampe\n-\trecordedBy: name of the person who took the samples\n-\tprincipalInvestigatorName: name of the person in charge of the sample collection\n-\tprincipalInvestigatorEmail: email address of the person in charge of the sample collection\n-\tprincipalInvestigatorInstitution: affiliated institution of the person in charge of the sample collection \n\n# Header name index - occurrence\n-\tfieldNumber: human-readable sample ID (e.g. ZOT-001)\n-\tscientificNameID: The Life Science Identifier (LSID) used to uniquely identify a biological taxon in a global registry, such as the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS).\n-\tscientificName: full scientific name of the identified organism at the lowest taxonomic level that can be aorderscertained. The scientificName should be selected from a drop-down menu linked to the list in family taxonomy sheet.  (e.g Calanus finmarchicus).\n-\tidentificationQualifier: A standard term (sp., spp., and indet.) to express the determiner’s doubts about the Identification. \n-\tlifeStage: the age class, life stage, or life form/morph of the organism. \n-\tsizeGroupOperator: describes if the size group is less than or greater than a value (It = less than, gte = greater or equal to)\n-\tsizeGroup: the size group in mm. \n-\torganismRemark: indicates whether it is mesozooplankton, macrozooplankton, rare species\n-\tidentificationRemarks: a free text field for adding information relevant to the analysis\n-\tidentifiedBy: person who did the lab-analyse\n-\tsampleSizeValue: the sample volume used to calculate the organismQuantity (sampleSizeValue 0 initialSampleVolume *analysedFraction)\n-\tsampleSizeUnit: m3\n-\torganismQuantity: the quantity of the organism per volume water in the environment (organismQuantity = individualCount/sampleSizeValue)\n-\torganismQuantityType: ind/m3 \n\n# Note on how the number of individuals is counted\nThe number of individuals is recorded as follows (as indicated in the organismRemarks field):\n-\tFor mesozooplankton, the total number of mesozooplankton (medium-sized zooplankton organisms) encountered across all subsamples is recorded.\n-\tFor macrozooplankton, the total number of macrozooplankton (large zooplankton organisms, total length \u003e 5 mm) identified in the entire sample is recorded.\n-\tFor rare zooplankton, only the occurrence (presence) is recorded in the database template. The absolute number of individuals (organismQuantity) is not estimated\n\n\n","title":"Zooplankton biodiversity and occurrence data from the Nansen and Amundsen Basins (2022–ongoing)","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel2":"PLANKTON","variableLevel3":"ZOOPLANKTON"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel1":"MARINE ECOSYSTEMS","variableLevel2":"PELAGIC"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[7.720379,79.699253],[33.243085,81.549769],[168.580411,87.669941],[7.720379,79.699253]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Anette","lastName":"Wold","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"anette.wold@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-3997-1205","roles":["author","editor","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Haakon","lastName":"Hop","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"haakon.hop@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-1054-9676","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Janne","lastName":"Søreide","organisation":"The University Centre in Svalbard","email":"janne.soreide@unis.no","orcid":"0000-0002-6386-2471","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Camilla","lastName":"Svensen","organisation":"UiT The Arcticv University of Norway","email":"camilla.svensen@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9577-3935","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Slawomir","lastName":"Kwasniewski","organisation":"Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences","email":"kwas@iopan.gda.pl","orcid":"0000-0003-3104-0761","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Mateusz","lastName":"Ormańczyk","organisation":"Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences","email":"ormanczyk@iopan.pl","orcid":"0000-0003-2343-6694","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"The University Centre in Svalbard","roles":["author"],"url":"https://www.unis.no/"},{"name":"Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences","roles":["author"],"url":"https://www.iopan.gda.pl/"},{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["author"],"url":"https://uit.no/startsida"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2022-07-19"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"d9d07b5c-f4db-422e-a239-58c087cb5f8b"},{"id":"2a7764a7-ae52-41c2-95ac-15c126c9f258","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.2a7764a7","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((11.291163 79.05342,11.244495 78.989035,11.820677 78.949981,12.369505 78.889462,12.596892 78.837819,12.675754 78.881092,12.428462 78.905151,12.438306 78.978283,12.349172 78.990726,12.060383 78.954474,11.984885 78.960713,11.923568 79.009773,11.291163 79.05342)))","bbox":[11.244495,78.837819,12.675754,79.05342],"createdBy":"60d10e2d-2284-4d96-8628-a5476d8073af","modifiedBy":"60d10e2d-2284-4d96-8628-a5476d8073af","publishedBy":"60d10e2d-2284-4d96-8628-a5476d8073af","created":"2026-02-17T12:35:28Z","modified":"2026-08-27T11:29:47Z","published":"2026-08-27T11:26:36Z","content":{"summary":"# CTD profiles from NPI’s Kongsfjorden Seasonal Monitoring\n# \n## About the monitoring:\nThese data have been collected under the auspices of the Norwegian Polar Institute's Seasonal Pelagic Monitoring in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (2019-ongoing) during which seawater and plankton sampling is carried out:\n1) with high temporal resolution (weekly) from May to August at a mid-fjord station (Kb3) and \n2) with spatial resolution (at five stations along the fjord axis: Kb1, Kb3, Kb4, Kb5, Kb8) in late July/early August as a continuation of NPI's MOSJ timeseries (1996-2020)\n\nThis monitoring has primarily been conducted from the Kings Bay research vessel RV Teisten. \n\nAssociated datasets (phytoplankton, zooplankton, biogeochemistry) can be found here: https://data.npolar.no/dataset?labelId=f0e739bf-aebd-4a58-9139-d5bbf9604e8f.\n\nData will be added annually going forward.\n\n## About the data: \nThese datasets include CTD (conductivity, temperature and depth) data from CTD sensors deployed at standard stations in Kongsfjorden. When available, more stations than those mentioned above are included and fluorescence data are included. \n\n- CTD instrument types: SAIV 204, RBR Concerto\n- Salinity water samples collected: N\n- Chl-A water samples collected and processed: Y (data available here: https://data.npolar.no/dataset/3c07e5ad-c306-4465-973a-d5d78b6769be)\n- Chl-A sensor values calibrated to water samples: N\n\n## About the data processing: \nData processing was carried out in R using the 'oce' oceanography data package. Only downcasts are included in the datasets; upcasts were identified and removed using ctdTrim(). Profiles were then smoothed and averaged to 1 dbar pressure bins (~1m depth bins) from 1-340dbar with  ctdDecimate() using method=”UNESCO”.\n\n## Funding:\nThe Kongsfjorden Seasonal Pelagic Monitoring is funded by the Norwegian Polar Institute.","title":"Kongsfjorden Seasonal Pelagic Monitoring (2019-ongoing), CTD profile data","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SALINITY/DENSITY"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CHLOROPHYLL"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE","variableLevel1":"OCEAN TEMPERATURE PROFILES"}],"links":[{"href":"https://www.researchinsvalbard.no/project/20000000-0000-0000-0000-000000009182/project-info","title":"Research in Svalbard RiS project","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[11.291163,79.05342],[11.244495,78.989035],[11.820677,78.949981],[12.369505,78.889462],[12.596892,78.837819],[12.675754,78.881092],[12.428462,78.905151],[12.438306,78.978283],[12.349172,78.990726],[12.060383,78.954474],[11.984885,78.960713],[11.923568,79.009773],[11.291163,79.05342]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3995"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Allison","lastName":"Bailey","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"allison.bailey@npolar.no","roles":["author","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Philipp","lastName":"Assmy","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"philipp.assmy@npolar.no","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Anette","lastName":"Wold","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"anette.wold@npolar.no","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2019-05-01T00:00:00.000Z"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"d5154981-f509-4d0d-8679-01617fe586f7"},{"id":"89553850-12c5-41d0-babb-029d642b5e8d","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.89553850","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(LINESTRING(-28.114 89.944,-30.659 89.912,-35.323 89.505,-35.06 89.008,-36.596 88.506,-38.348 88.007,-39.876 87.5,-41.227 87.098,-41.276 87.101,-34.143 87.103,-28.019 87.046,-27.912 87.041,-21.611 86.963,-15.84 86.847,-15.58 86.837,-10.515 86.704,-5.7503 86.528,-5.7517 86.523,-1.3465 86.324,2.686 86.108,2.6103 86.108,5.948 85.838,9.3418 85.631,9.3817 85.623,12.006 85.382,14.544 85.11,14.523 85.109,16.769 84.838,18.761 84.549,18.685 84.549,20.403 84.257,22.235 83.977,22.113 83.978,23.687 83.677,25.017 83.365,25.056 83.363,26.267 83.061,27.359 82.76,27.342 82.768,28.373 82.444,29.315 82.131,29.351 82.136,30.17 81.815,31.003 81.5,31.073 81.506,30.862 81.536))","bbox":[-41.276,81.5,31.073,89.944],"createdBy":"1a202e8d-96ce-44f1-b4bd-bf1f911f3a81","modifiedBy":"1a202e8d-96ce-44f1-b4bd-bf1f911f3a81","publishedBy":"1a202e8d-96ce-44f1-b4bd-bf1f911f3a81","created":"2026-02-17T07:20:04Z","modified":"2026-02-17T10:25:03Z","published":"2026-02-17T10:25:03Z","content":{"summary":"The dataset includes spectral absorption coefficients of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), particulate matter and non-algal particles in seawater. Samples were collected in July-August 2022 as part of the AO-2022 cruise, in the central Arctic Ocean ([for details see Dodd et al. 2022](https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3013026)). Sea water was sampled using Niskin bottles attached to a rosette onboard R/V Kronprins Haakon. CDOM samples were filtered through a 0.22 μm cartridge filter, and measured with a 10 cm quartz cuvette using a  spectrophotometer (UV-2401PC, Shimadzu). Particulate absorption were measured with 0.7 μm pore size GFF filters (25 mm diameter,  nominally 1 liter filtered volume), and measured on a Lambda 950 UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer and QFT-ICAM absorption meter. Non-algal particle absorption is measured after bleaching the filters using H`latex _2`O`latex _2`.","title":"Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and particulate absorption coefficients of sea water in the Central Arctic Ocean: NPI cruise AO-2022 (2022710)","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN OPTICS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN OPTICS","variableLevel1":"ABSORPTION"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN OPTICS","variableLevel1":"GELBSTOFF"}],"links":[{"href":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3013026","title":"AO-2022 cruise report (Dodd et al., 2022)","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.176643108.85272603/v1","title":"Terrestrial runoff divides the Central Arctic Ocean and shapes the biologically relevant marine lightscape [preprint]","rel":"publication"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2025.1ED859A1","title":"In situ spectral beam attenuation and absorption coefficients of sea water in the western Amundsen and Nansen basins: NPI cruise AO-2022 (2022710)","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://doi.org/10.21334/NPOLAR.2022.D1E609E2","title":"CTD profiles from NPI cruise AO-2022 across the Nansen and Amundsen Basins of the Arctic Ocean and core parameters measured from niskin bottle samples. [Dataset]. ","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[-28.114,89.944],[-30.659,89.912],[-35.323,89.505],[-35.06,89.008],[-36.596,88.506],[-38.348,88.007],[-39.876,87.5],[-41.227,87.098],[-41.276,87.101],[-34.143,87.103],[-28.019,87.046],[-27.912,87.041],[-21.611,86.963],[-15.84,86.847],[-15.58,86.837],[-10.515,86.704],[-5.7503,86.528],[-5.7517,86.523],[-1.3465,86.324],[2.686,86.108],[2.6103,86.108],[5.948,85.838],[9.3418,85.631],[9.3817,85.623],[12.006,85.382],[14.544,85.11],[14.523,85.109],[16.769,84.838],[18.761,84.549],[18.685,84.549],[20.403,84.257],[22.235,83.977],[22.113,83.978],[23.687,83.677],[25.017,83.365],[25.056,83.363],[26.267,83.061],[27.359,82.76],[27.342,82.768],[28.373,82.444],[29.315,82.131],[29.351,82.136],[30.17,81.815],[31.003,81.5],[31.073,81.506],[30.862,81.536]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Håkon","lastName":"Sandven","organisation":"University of Bergen","email":"hakon.sandven@uib.no","orcid":"0000-0002-8042-510X","roles":["author","pointOfContact","processor"]},{"firstName":"Rafael","lastName":"Gonçalves-Araujo","organisation":"Technical University of Denmark","email":"rafgo@aqua.dtu.dk","orcid":"0000-0001-8344-8326","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Rüdiger","lastName":"Röttgers","organisation":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon","email":"rroettgers@hzg.de","orcid":"0009-0000-6820-1237","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Mats A.","lastName":"Granskog","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"mats@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-5035-4347","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"]},{"firstName":"Børge","lastName":"Hamre","organisation":"University of Bergen","email":"borge.hamre@uib.no","orcid":"0000-0002-0135-0542","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"University of Bergen","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"name":"Technical University of Denmark","roles":["processor","resourceProvider"]},{"name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon","roles":["processor","resourceProvider"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2022-07-24","endDate":"2022-08-19"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"13b032ed-f984-47b0-98ef-3c015f4ac6e3"},{"id":"9b81d93d-17da-4dfd-a9b5-7aec2a3cb234","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.9b81d93d","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-10.797283 79.445309,-29.393343 82.546717,-52.493554 82.489262,-75.744102 79.834913,-93.751803 79.40004,-103.962489 84.955197,-121.987212 89.470087,63.508703 86.422868,35.520713 83.230529,13.624753 81.26869,-2.024615 80.155625,-10.797283 79.445309)))","bbox":[-121.987212,79.40004,63.508703,89.470087],"createdBy":"43b0e34a-8b85-49de-932a-3e4bdc553742","modifiedBy":"43b0e34a-8b85-49de-932a-3e4bdc553742","publishedBy":"43b0e34a-8b85-49de-932a-3e4bdc553742","created":"2026-02-14T12:43:53Z","modified":"2026-02-14T13:53:43Z","published":"2026-02-14T13:53:43Z","content":{"summary":"# Autonomous weather measurements from stations deployed on the NASA ARCSIX airborne landings campaign and Kronprins Haakon Arctic Ocean Cruise in 2024 \nThis dataset contains a set of measurements from twelve micro-met stations deployed on sea ice between spring and summer 2024. The stations included a MaxiMet GMX560 Marine sensor recording air temperature, humidity and pressure, wind speed and direction from a sonic anemometer, GPS location, and compass direction, on 30-minute intervals. Stations were powered with a 6V lead-acid battery recharged by an external solar panel, mounted approximately 1-2 m above the ice surface, and lasted - at most - up to the end of September 2024. Measurements were transmitted with Iridium telemetry.\n\n- Eight of the stations were deployed on drifting sea ice floes in the Central Arctic during the NASA ARCSIX twin otter landings campaign in April-May 2024 ([https://espo.nasa.gov/arcsix](https://)), each station in conjunction with an ARCSIX sea ice mass balance buoy (SIMB3) deployment. See \"ARCSIX_Deployment_Notes_Polashenski.pdf\".\n- Two of the stations were deployed by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) on landfast sea ice near Eureka Station in the Canadian Arctic, in May 2024.\n- Two final stations were deployed by the Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) on drifting sea ice floes in the Central Arctic during the Kronprins Haakon Arctic Ocean 2024 cruise, in July 2024. The cruise report for AO2024 is available here [https://nva.sikt.no/registration/01993e313d93-49b1ea65-3418-4018-8d4e-ec17961256f4](https://).\n\nThe stations were designed, built, deployed and funded by the European Research Council (ERC-StGr) project Summer Sea Ice in 3D (SI/3D), led by UiT, with the main goal of validating satellite observations of sea ice over the summer melting season. \n\n# Data format\nOne generic .dat text file is provided per station, containing all measured parameters. Each time series has been quality controlled to remove erroneous observations and truncated to the valid time period of data. Three different data interfacing protocols were used for the stations: 1 = MOD with no compass, 2 = MOD with compass, 3 = SDI with compass. The protocol number is given by the \"station_format_id\" parameter and sometimes changed during a single station time series. _The compass and wind direction data are not correctly referenced to north when station_format_id = 1._\n\nA quicklook plot of the time series is also provided for each station.\n\nA directory of photographs from the time of deployment are provided for each of the ARCSIX stations.\n\n# Measured parameters\n- date_time: date and timestamp in ISO 8601 and UTC\n- latitude: decimal degrees\n- longitude: decimal degrees\n- wind_speed_2m: meters per second, from approximately 2 m above the sea ice surface\n- wind_direction_2m: degrees from north, from approximately 2 m above the sea ice surface\n- compass_direction: degrees from north, from approximately 2 m above the sea ice surface\n- atmospheric_pressure_2m: millibar, from approximately 2 m above the sea ice surface\n- relative_humidity_2m: %, from approximately 2 m above the sea ice surface\n- air_temperature_2m: degrees C, from approximately 2 m above the sea ice surface\n- station_id: arbitrary identification number for the station\n- station_format_id: interfacing protocol number (see above)\n\n# Stations\n- Station_300234011886020.dat, deployed with SIMB3_2024O [https://www.cryosphereinnovation.com/deployment/300434066151880](https://)\n- Station_300234060222860.dat, deployed with SIMB3_2024R [https://www.cryosphereinnovation.com/deployment/301434060108870](https://)\n- Station_300234060227880.dat, deployed with SIMB3_2024L [https://www.cryosphereinnovation.com/deployment/301434060104850](https://)\n- Station_300234060228860.dat, deployed with SIMB3_2024J [https://www.cryosphereinnovation.com/deployment/301434060407490](https://)\n- Station_300234060250510.dat, deployed with SIMB3_2024K [https://www.cryosphereinnovation.com/deployment/301434060400500](https://)\n- Station_300534065631500.dat, deployed from Eureka \n- Station_300534065633500.dat, deployed with SIMB3_2024M [https://www.cryosphereinnovation.com/deployment/301434060406510](https://)\n- Station_300534065637480.dat, deployed from Eureka (instrument 68 cm above the snow, sea ice thickness = 240 cm, snow depth = 20 cm)\n- Station_300534065637500.dat, deployed with SIMB3_2024Q [https://www.cryosphereinnovation.com/deployment/301434060106870](https://)\n- Station_300534065639490.dat, deployed with SIMB3_2024N [https://www.cryosphereinnovation.com/deployment/301434060049130](https://)\n- Station_300534065857570.dat, deployed from Kronprins Haakon\n- Station_300534065858580.dat, deployed from Kronprins Haakon","title":"Autonomous weather station measurements in the Central Arctic Ocean, Lincoln Sea and Canadian Arctic for the SI/3D project","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"ATMOSPHERE","term":"WEATHER EVENTS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"ATMOSPHERE","term":"ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"ATMOSPHERE","term":"ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"ATMOSPHERE","term":"ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR","variableLevel1":"WATER VAPOR INDICATORS","variableLevel2":"HUMIDITY","variableLevel3":"RELATIVE HUMIDITY"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE","variableLevel1":"SEA ICE MOTION"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"ATMOSPHERE","term":"ATMOSPHERIC WINDS"}],"links":[{"href":"https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101077496","title":"SI/3D Project","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://espo.nasa.gov/arcsix","title":"ARCSIX Project","rel":"related"},{"href":"https://www.cryosphereinnovation.com/data","title":"SIMB3 Data","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-10.797283,79.445309],[-29.393343,82.546717],[-52.493554,82.489262],[-75.744102,79.834913],[-93.751803,79.40004],[-103.962489,84.955197],[-121.987212,89.470087],[63.508703,86.422868],[35.520713,83.230529],[13.624753,81.26869],[-2.024615,80.155625],[-10.797283,79.445309]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Jack","lastName":"Landy","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"jack.c.landy@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0002-7372-1007","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Polona","lastName":"Itkin","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"polona.itkin@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-4029-1936","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Christopher","lastName":"Polashenski","organisation":"Dartmouth College/ CRREL","email":"chris.polashenski@gmail.com","roles":["author"]},{"firstName":"Lisa","lastName":"Matthes","organisation":"Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada","email":"Lisa.Matthes@dfo-mpo.gc.ca","orcid":"0000-0002-7362-0417","roles":["author"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor","resourceProvider"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2024-04-27","endDate":"2024-10-18"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"69977e07-e210-4d82-9d8a-ec8096dc2bb4"},{"id":"59f95d2e-6421-4289-a361-96968f3003ec","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.59f95d2e","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-66.757443 82.062214,-71.428037 88.645647,56.934364 87.627607,16.540386 83.77227,-8.502938 80.804916,-34.490083 80.207389,-66.757443 82.062214)))","bbox":[-71.428037,80.207389,56.934364,88.645647],"createdBy":"43b0e34a-8b85-49de-932a-3e4bdc553742","modifiedBy":"43b0e34a-8b85-49de-932a-3e4bdc553742","publishedBy":"43b0e34a-8b85-49de-932a-3e4bdc553742","created":"2026-02-13T13:06:41Z","modified":"2026-02-13T13:24:57Z","published":"2026-02-13T13:23:52Z","content":{"summary":"# EM bird sea ice thickness measurements collected on the AWI IceBird Summer 2024 Arctic Campaign with Polar 5\nThis dataset contains a series of total sea ice thickness measurements collected through electromagnetic induction sounding from the Polar-5 Basler DC-3 aircraft, operating between 26th July and 7th August 2024 out of Station Nord, Greenland. The AWI IceBird program ([https://www.awi.de/en/science/climate-sciences/sea-ice-physics/projects/ice-bird.html](https://)) is a series of airborne surveys to collect measurements of sea ice thickness in the Arctic conducted by the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI). Airborne surveys provide insight into composition and properties of the ice in general and how it changes over time. Data collected on the summer 2024 campaign contributed to the European Research Council (ERC-StGr) project Summer Sea Ice in 3D (SI/3D), led by UiT.\n\nThe campaign report describing all instruments, technical details and flight information is available here [https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/59013/1/CampaignReport_IceBirdSummer2024.pdf](https://)\n\n# Data format\nSeven survey flights were completed. One generic .dat text data file is provided per airborne survey and typically covers a flight distance of several hundred kilometers, with sea ice thickness observations posted approximately every 5-10 meters along track. A quicklook plot of the sea ice thickness observations is also provided for each flight survey.\n\n# Measured parameters\n- \tYear\n- \tMonth\n- \tDay\n- \tSeconds: GPS second of the day\n- \tSample_ID\n- \tLatitude\n- \tLongitude\n- \tDist_from_start_meters: Distance from start of survey [m]\n- \tTotal_sea_ice_thickness_meters: Total snow plus sea ice thickness [m] from airborne electromagnetic induction sounding\n- \tAltitude_meters: Height above surface [m]. Determined with laser altimeter on EM bird\n","title":"IceBird sea ice thickness measurements in the Central Arctic Ocean and Lincoln Sea for the SI/3D project","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE","variableLevel1":"ICE DEPTH/THICKNESS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"CRYOSPHERE","term":"SEA ICE","variableLevel1":"ICE ROUGHNESS"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SEA ICE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"SEA ICE","variableLevel1":"ICE DEPTH/THICKNESS"}],"links":[{"href":"https://www.awi.de/en/science/climate-sciences/sea-ice-physics/projects/ice-bird.html","title":"AWI IceBird","rel":"parent"},{"href":"https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101077496","title":"SI/3D Project","rel":"project"},{"href":"https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/59013/1/CampaignReport_IceBirdSummer2024.pdf","title":"Campaign Report","rel":"related"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-66.757443,82.062214],[-71.428037,88.645647],[56.934364,87.627607],[16.540386,83.77227],[-8.502938,80.804916],[-34.490083,80.207389],[-66.757443,82.062214]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Jack","lastName":"Landy","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"jack.c.landy@uit.no","orcid":"0000-0002-7372-1007","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Catherine","lastName":"Taelman","organisation":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","email":"catherine.c.taelman@uit.no","orcid":"0009-0005-5742-6680","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Thomas","lastName":"Krumpen","organisation":"Alfred Wegener Institute","email":"Thomas.Krumpen@awi.de","orcid":"0000-0001-6234-8756","roles":["author","editor","principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","roles":["originator"]},{"name":"Alfred Wegener Institute","roles":["resourceProvider"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2024-07-26","endDate":"2024-08-07"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"943a780e-c211-4ddb-af83-83e36fbdb4e9"},{"id":"4baf76dc-e480-4c23-99c0-1ab78173121b","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.4baf76dc","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(LINESTRING(14.502731 78.286014,10.616094 77.885802,9.466314 78.559438,8.776429 79.467965,10.997805 80.259991,16.928571 80.747213,20.115641 80.950607,16.456545 81.829787,21.21542 83.453934,25.537254 81.122098),LINESTRING(25.537254 81.122098,20.115641 80.950607))","bbox":[8.776429,77.885802,25.537254,83.453934],"createdBy":"0e6e53b8-88ae-465e-960d-841a9a6f8fee","modifiedBy":"f5804a43-fde6-4f43-a178-59d7e96ba24b","publishedBy":"f5804a43-fde6-4f43-a178-59d7e96ba24b","created":"2026-02-03T11:49:41Z","modified":"2026-03-10T14:32:28Z","published":"2026-03-09T13:28:30Z","content":{"summary":"Nautical Area Scattering Coefficients (sa-values in m2/(nautical mile)2) as recorded by Simrad EK80 38 kHz onboard \"Kronprins Haakon\" during the Arctic Ocean cruise 10/8 - 29/8 2023 (IMR Cruise ID 2023007014). The echo sounder recordings have been scruitinized using LSSS with the Korona module as described by Misund et al., 2025 (Quantifying Area Back Scatter of Marine Organisms in the Arctic Ocean by Machine-Learning-Based Post-Processing of Volume Back Scatter, Sensors, 2025-05-15, DOI:10.3390/s25103121). \n\nThe files contain date, time, log, position, depth, and NASC-values integrated over the depth column from 10 to 500 m depth for the species categories plankton (Plank), capelin (CAP), redfish (Red), Cod, mesopelagics (Me/Pl), Krill, and Amphipods (Amp), and Total. Other files contain the same information but for depth bins of 10 m from 10 to 500 m depth.","title":"Nautical Area Scattering Coefficients from the Arctic Ocean cruise 10 - 29/8 2023 with \"Kronprins Haakon\"","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN ACOUSTICS","variableLevel1":"ACOUSTIC SCATTERING"}],"links":[{"href":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s25103121","title":"Quantifying Area Back Scatter of Marine Organisms in the Arctic Ocean by Machine Learning-Based Post-Processing of Volume Back Scatter","rel":"publication"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[14.502731,78.286014],[10.616094,77.885802],[9.466314,78.559438],[8.776429,79.467965],[10.997805,80.259991],[16.928571,80.747213],[20.115641,80.950607],[16.456545,81.829787],[21.21542,83.453934],[25.537254,81.122098]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[25.537254,81.122098],[20.115641,80.950607]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Ole Arve","lastName":"Misund","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"ole.arve.misund@npolar.no","orcid":"0009-0006-3240-0764","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Paul","lastName":"Dodd","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"paul.dodd@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-4236-9071","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"ANNA","lastName":"Nikolopoulos","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"anna.nikolopoulus@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-6261-5102","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Rolf J.","lastName":"Korneliussen","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","email":"rolf.korneliussen@hi.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9304-9943","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Vegard","lastName":"Stuerzinger","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"vegard.sturzinger@npolar.no","orcid":"0009-0008-0627-5052","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Haakon","lastName":"Hop","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"Haakon.Hop@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-1054-9676","roles":["author","principalInvestigator"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2023-08-10","endDate":"2023-08-29"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"297e8ff9-2fe7-4e90-830a-34cf3c42afcb"},{"id":"80ef9a81-5a68-4083-b857-d3d878e17e60","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.80ef9a81","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(LINESTRING(14.83781 78.16113,11.001698 78.043164,8.63748 78.873539,9.840407 80.024158),LINESTRING(9.840407 80.024158,25.769613 81.686727,94.835734 89.157633,-27.478244 86.975732),LINESTRING(-27.478244 86.975732,25.769613 81.686727))","bbox":[-27.478244,78.043164,94.835734,89.157633],"createdBy":"0e6e53b8-88ae-465e-960d-841a9a6f8fee","modifiedBy":"f5804a43-fde6-4f43-a178-59d7e96ba24b","publishedBy":"f5804a43-fde6-4f43-a178-59d7e96ba24b","created":"2026-02-03T10:49:22Z","modified":"2026-03-10T14:33:12Z","published":"2026-03-09T13:29:01Z","content":{"summary":"Nautical Area Scattering Coefficients (sa-values in m2/(nautical mile)2) as recorded by Simrad EK80 38 kHz onboard \"Kronprins Haakon\" during the Arctic Ocean cruise 19/8 - 23/8 2022 (IMR Cruise ID 2022710). The echo sounder recordings have been scruitinized using LSSS with the Korona module as described by Misund et al., 2024 (Quantifying Area Back Scatter of Marine Organisms in the Arctic Ocean by Machine-Learning-Based Post-Processing of Volume Back Scatter, Sensors, 2025-05-15). \n\nThe files contain date, time, log, position, depth, and NASC-values integrated over the depth column from 10 to 500 m depth for species categories as plankton (Plank), capelin (CAP), redfish (Red), Cod, mesopelagics (Me/Pl), Krill, and Amphipods (Amp), and Total. Other files contain the same information but for depth bins of 10 m from 10 to 500 m depth. ","title":"Nautical Area Scattering Coefficients from the Arctic Ocean cruise to the North Pole with \"Kronprins Haakon\" in 2022","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN ACOUSTICS","variableLevel1":"ACOUSTIC SCATTERING"}],"links":[{"href":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s25103121","title":"Quantifying Area Back Scatter of Marine Organisms in the Arctic Ocean by Machine Learning-Based Post-Processing of Volume Back Scatter","rel":"publication"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[14.83781,78.16113],[11.001698,78.043164],[8.63748,78.873539],[9.840407,80.024158]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[9.840407,80.024158],[25.769613,81.686727],[94.835734,89.157633],[-27.478244,86.975732]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[-27.478244,86.975732],[25.769613,81.686727]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Ole Arve","lastName":"Misund","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"ole.arve.misund@npolar.no","orcid":"0009-0006-3240-0764","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Paul  ","lastName":"Dodd","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"paul.dodd@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-4236-9071","roles":["author","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Rolf J.","lastName":"Korneliussen","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","email":"rolf.korneliussen@hi.no","orcid":"0000-0001-9304-9943","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"ANNA","lastName":"Nikolopoulos","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"anna.nikolopoulus@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-6261-5102","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Vegard","lastName":"Stuerzinger","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"vegard.sturzinger@npolar.no","orcid":"0009-0008-0627-5052","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Haakon","lastName":"Hop","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"Haakon.Hop@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0002-1054-9676","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2022-07-19","endDate":"2022-08-23"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"bb48d824-0f95-47d5-83a2-1acdd2676f7d"},{"id":"d98c0032-75eb-44fd-93a4-b5bb23e70617","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.d98c0032","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(LINESTRING(23.52685 70.611751,13.210241 77.660981,14.917401 77.793841,11.408548 77.954176,9.890619 79.660266,10.878285 83.570441,31.638983 83.210533,41.655817 84.253816,16.743354 80.424387,7.552198 79.373594))","bbox":[7.552198,70.611751,41.655817,84.253816],"createdBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","modifiedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","publishedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","created":"2026-01-14T14:35:52Z","modified":"2026-01-16T09:39:02Z","published":"2026-01-14T14:47:17Z","content":{"summary":"Continuous surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway was collected (at 4m) in 2025 in the Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin) (ICOS, Microshift) in both ice-free and ice-covered waters using the R/V Kronprins Haakon from 2 May to 4 June in 2025. Data on atmospheric pCO2 is included. Ancillary data of surface water temperature and salinity and atmospheric data are included. Cruise ID: 2025007006 Kronprins Haakon. ICOS-QuinCE processing program is used for quality control. SOCAT dataset: 58US20250816 (Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. 2025) Data published: Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. (2026). Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in May-June 2025 in the Arctic Ocean ice-floe drift (ICOS, Microshift) from R/V Kronprins Haakon [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute.  Method: General Oceanics 8050 continuous pCO2 measurements described in Pierrot et al (2006), CO2 equilibration method with a LiCOR-7000 infrared detector are used installed on the R/V Kronprins Haakon, Norway. The system used 3 standard CO2 gases for calibration and a zero gas. Ancillary data of surface water salinity, temperature, air pressure, temperature, air humidity were used for the calculations of pCO2 and fCO2 from mole fraction xCO2. Method is described in Ogundare et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 and similar method in the Arctic Ocean is described in Fransson et al (2017), doi: 10.1002/2016JC012478.","title":"Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in May-June 2025 in the Arctic Ocean ice-floe drift (ICOS, Microshift) from R/V Kronprins Haakon","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE","variableLevel2":"CARBON DIOXIDE PARTIAL PRESSURE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[23.52685,70.611751],[13.210241,77.660981],[14.917401,77.793841],[11.408548,77.954176],[9.890619,79.660266],[10.878285,83.570441],[31.638983,83.210533],[41.655817,84.253816],[16.743354,80.424387],[7.552198,79.373594]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Agneta","lastName":"Fransson","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"agneta.fransson@npolar.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Ceslav","lastName":"Czyz","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Melissa","lastName":"Chierici","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["processor"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-05-02","endDate":"2025-06-04"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"cf3dd025-2588-47ba-b4a1-1f25b7b3855a"},{"id":"e46753b7-0fd9-4657-986b-8bc83a72343a","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.e46753b7","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(LINESTRING(19.928448 69.660053,13.91329 78.14138,15.468846 78.194422))","bbox":[13.91329,69.660053,19.928448,78.194422],"createdBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","modifiedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","publishedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","created":"2026-01-14T14:22:39Z","modified":"2026-01-15T08:20:52Z","published":"2026-01-14T14:29:59Z","content":{"summary":"Continuous surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway was collected (at 4m) in 2025 from Longyearbyen, Svalbard to Tromsø (ICOS) in mainly ice-free waters using the R/V Kronprins Haakon in 6-9 June 2025. Data on atmospheric pCO2 is included. Ancillary data of surface water temperature and salinity and atmospheric data are included. Cruise ID: 2025007015 Kronprins Haakon. ICOS-QuinCE processing program is used for quality control. SOCAT dataset: 58US20250606 (Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. 2025) Data published: Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. (2026). Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in June 2025 from Longyearbyen, Svalbard to Tromsø (ICOS) from R/V Kronprins Haakon [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute.  Method: General Oceanics 8050 continuous pCO2 measurements described in Pierrot et al (2006), CO2 equilibration method with a LiCOR-7000 infrared detector are used installed on the R/V Kronprins Haakon, Norway. The system used 3 standard CO2 gases for calibration and a zero gas. Ancillary data of surface water salinity, temperature, air pressure, temperature, air humidity were used for the calculations of pCO2 and fCO2 from mole fraction xCO2. Method is described in Ogundare et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 and similar method in the Arctic Ocean is described in Fransson et al (2017), doi: 10.1002/2016JC012478.","title":"Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in June 2025 from Longyearbyen, Svalbard to Tromsø (ICOS) from R/V Kronprins Haakon","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"MARINE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE","variableLevel2":"CARBON DIOXIDE PARTIAL PRESSURE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[19.928448,69.660053],[13.91329,78.14138],[15.468846,78.194422]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Agneta","lastName":"Fransson","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"agneta.fransson@npolar.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Ceslav","lastName":"Czyz","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Melissa","lastName":"Chierici","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["processor"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-06-06","endDate":"2025-06-09"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"66826bb2-9a0b-4291-9177-a35068460f56"},{"id":"83bbb366-aa71-4c53-a109-40439e1b1872","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.83bbb366","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((4.918793 60.488911,5.659877 62.889219,12.653999 66.461303,17.15787 69.822421,20.046525 69.910232,4.918793 60.488911)))","bbox":[4.918793,60.488911,20.046525,69.910232],"createdBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","modifiedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","publishedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","created":"2026-01-14T14:08:34Z","modified":"2026-01-16T10:06:02Z","published":"2026-01-14T14:15:09Z","content":{"summary":"Continuous surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data was collected (at 4m) in 2025 along the Norwegian coast (ICOS, Paleo) in ice-free waters using the R/V Kronprins Haakon from 19 June to 19 July in 2025. Data on atmospheric pCO2 is included. Ancillary data of surface water temperature and salinity and atmospheric data are included. ICOS-QuinCE processing program is used for quality control. Cruise ID: 2025007008 Kronprins Haakon. SOCAT dataset: 58US20250619 (Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. 2025) Data published: Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. (2026). Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in in June-July 2025 along the Norwegian coast (ICOS) from R/V Kronprins Haakon [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2026.949a3cd1 Method: General Oceanics 8050 continuous pCO2 measurements described in Pierrot et al (2006), CO2 equilibration method with a LiCOR-7000 infrared detector are used installed on the R/V Kronprins Haakon, Norway. The system used 3 standard CO2 gases for calibration and a zero gas. Ancillary data of surface water salinity, temperature, air pressure, temperature, air humidity were used for the calculations of pCO2 and fCO2 from mole fraction xCO2. Method is described in Ogundare et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 and similar method in the Arctic Ocean is described in Fransson et al (2017), doi: 10.1002/2016JC012478.","title":"Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in June-July 2025 along the Norwegian coast (ICOS) from R/V Kronprins Haakon","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"MARINE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE","variableLevel2":"CARBON DIOXIDE PARTIAL PRESSURE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[4.918793,60.488911],[5.659877,62.889219],[12.653999,66.461303],[17.15787,69.822421],[20.046525,69.910232],[4.918793,60.488911]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Agneta","lastName":"Fransson","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"agneta.fransson@npolar.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Ceslav","lastName":"Czyz","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Melissa","lastName":"Chierici","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"Institute of Marine Science","roles":["processor"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-06-19","endDate":"2025-07-09"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"29bebbf0-0ae1-4ce0-87ed-e832ad833bc3"},{"id":"b006ce4a-f2bc-4ef8-838c-6ce7c9d4b553","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.b006ce4a","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((12.393786 78.185196,9.237577 79.619801,21.617785 80.69501,43.105388 82.889022,-9.646741 83.25711,-8.604016 79.547696,12.393786 78.185196)))","bbox":[-9.646741,78.185196,43.105388,83.25711],"createdBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","modifiedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","publishedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","created":"2026-01-14T13:46:21Z","modified":"2026-01-16T10:10:03Z","published":"2026-01-14T13:59:33Z","content":{"summary":"Continuous surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway was collected (at 4m) in 2025 in the northwest of Svalbard  (ICOS, Calypso) in both ice-free and ice-covered waters using the R/V Kronprins Haakon from 16 Aug to 19 Sept in 2025. Data on atmospheric pCO2 is included. Ancillary data of surface water temperature and salinity and atmospheric data are included. Cruise ID: 2025007010 Kronprins Haakon. ICOS-QuinCE processing program is used for quality control. SOCAT dataset: 58US20250816 (Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. 2025) Data published: Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. (2026). Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in Aug-Sept 2025 in the Arctic Ocean, Fram Strait and northwest of Svalbard  (ICOS) from R/V Kronprins Haakon [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2026.949a3cd1 Method: General Oceanics 8050 continuous pCO2 measurements described in Pierrot et al (2006), CO2 equilibration method with a LiCOR-7000 infrared detector are used installed on the R/V Kronprins Haakon, Norway. The system used 3 standard CO2 gases for calibration and a zero gas. Ancillary data of surface water salinity, temperature, air pressure, temperature, air humidity were used for the calculations of pCO2 and fCO2 from mole fraction xCO2. Method is described in Ogundare et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 and similar method in the Arctic Ocean is described in Fransson et al (2017), doi: 10.1002/2016JC012478.","title":"Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in Aug-Sept 2025 in the Arctic Ocean, Fram Strait, and northwest of Svalbard (ICOS) from R/V Kronprins Haakon ","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"MARINE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE","variableLevel2":"CARBON DIOXIDE PARTIAL PRESSURE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[12.393786,78.185196],[9.237577,79.619801],[21.617785,80.69501],[43.105388,82.889022],[-9.646741,83.25711],[-8.604016,79.547696],[12.393786,78.185196]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Agneta","lastName":"Fransson","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"agneta.fransson@npolar.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Ceslav","lastName":"Czyz","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Melissa","lastName":"Chierici","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["processor"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-08-16","endDate":"2025-09-19"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"8cf55101-3156-43d1-93ff-38f850415049"},{"id":"f6c41a13-37ba-430f-a15a-7c6df695f054","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.f6c41a13","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((13.694274 78.05177,4.436782 70.180649,9.714032 70.154673,13.694274 78.05177)))","bbox":[4.436782,70.154673,13.694274,78.05177],"createdBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","modifiedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","publishedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","created":"2026-01-14T10:50:27Z","modified":"2026-01-15T12:57:08Z","published":"2026-01-14T11:02:52Z","content":{"summary":"Continuous surface water CO2 underway in 2025 was collected (at 4m) in the soutwest of Svalbard and Greenland-Norwegian Sea (ICOS, Mareano) in mostly ice-free waters using the R/V Kronprins Haakon from 23 Sep to 20 Oct in 2025. Data on atmospheric pCO2 is included. Ancillary data of surface water temperature and salinity and atmospheric data are included. ICOS-QuinCE processing program is used for quality control. Cruise ID: 2025007011 Kronprins Haakon. SOCAT dataset: 58US20250923 (Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. 2025) Data published: Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. (2026). Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in Sept to Oct 2025 in the southwest of Svalbard and Greenland-Norwegian Sea (ICOS) from R/V Kronprins Haakon  [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. Method: General Oceanics 8050 continuous pCO2 measurements described in Pierrot et al (2006), CO2 equilibration method with a LiCOR-7000 infrared detector are used installed on the R/V Kronprins Haakon, Norway. The system used 3 standard CO2 gases for calibration and a zero gas. Ancillary data of surface water salinity, temperature, air pressure, temperature, air humidity were used for the calculations of pCO2 and fCO2 from mole fraction xCO2. Method is described in Ogundare et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 and similar method in the Arctic Ocean is described in Fransson et al (2017), doi: 10.1002/2016JC012478.","title":"Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in Sep to Oct 2025 in the southwest of Svalbard and Greenland-Norwegian Sea (ICOS) from R/V Kronprins Haakon ","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"MARINE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE","variableLevel2":"CARBON DIOXIDE PARTIAL PRESSURE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[13.694274,78.05177],[4.436782,70.180649],[9.714032,70.154673],[13.694274,78.05177]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Agneta","lastName":"Fransson","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"agneta.fransson@npolar.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Ceslav","lastName":"Czyz","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Melissa","lastName":"Chierici","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"Institute fo Marine research","roles":["processor"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-09-23","endDate":"2025-10-20"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"f9faf6f0-37dd-425f-a030-99aa82ed3ab7"},{"id":"b0753bee-2157-4049-84ea-863f152bdb95","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.b0753bee","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((22.25055 70.493022,13.561055 77.603541,8.821441 79.447031,16.293153 80.101488,14.262578 81.243812,5.949136 79.105369,22.25055 70.493022)))","bbox":[5.949136,70.493022,22.25055,81.243812],"createdBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","modifiedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","publishedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","created":"2026-01-14T10:27:40Z","modified":"2026-01-16T10:13:41Z","published":"2026-01-14T10:36:44Z","content":{"summary":"Continuous surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway in 2025 was collected (at 4m) in the southeast-north of Svalbard, Arctic Ocean/Nansen Basin (ICOS, EXTREME) in both ice-free and ice-covered Arctic waters using the R/V Kronprins Haakon from 11 to 26 Nov in 2025. Data on atmospheric pCO2 is included. Ancillary data of surface water temperature and salinity and atmospheric data are included. Cruise ID: 2025007013 Kronprins Haakon. ICOS-QuinCE processing program is used for quality control. SOCAT dataset: Continuous surface water CO2 underway in 2025 was collected (at 4m) in the Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin), and soutwest-north of Svalbard (ICOS) in both ice-free and ice-covered Arctic waters using the R/V Kronprins Haakon from 27 Nov to 16 Dec in 2025. Data on atmospheric pCO2 is included. Ancillary data of surface water temperature and salinity and atmospheric data are included. ICOS-QuinCE processing program is used for quality control. SOCAT dataset: 58US20251111 (Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. 2025) Data published: Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. (2026). Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in Nov 2025 in the southeast-north of Svalbard, Arctic Ocean (ICOS)  from R/V Kronprins Haakon [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2026.949a3cd1 Method: General Oceanics 8050 continuous pCO2 measurements described in Pierrot et al (2006), CO2 equilibration method with a LiCOR-7000 infrared detector are used installed on the RV Kronprins Haakon, Norway. The system used 3 standard CO2 gases for calibration and a zero gas. Ancillary data of surface water salinity, temperature, air pressure, temperature, air humidity were used for the calculations of pCO2 and fCO2 from mole fraction xCO2. Method is described in Ogundare et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 and similar method in the Arctic Ocean is described in Fransson et al (2017), doi: 10.1002/2016JC012478. (Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. 2025) Data published: Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. (2026). Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in 2025 in the Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin) and southwest-north of Svalbard (ICOS, GoNorth) from RV Kronprins Haakon [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. https://doi.org/10.21334/npolar.2026.949a3cd1 Method: General Oceanics 8050 continuous pCO2 measurements described in Pierrot et al (2006), CO2 equilibration method with a LiCOR-7000 infrared detector are used installed on the RV Kronprins Haakon, Norway. The system used 3 standard CO2 gases for calibration and a zero gas. Ancillary data of surface water salinity, temperature, air pressure, temperature, air humidity were used for the calculations of pCO2 and fCO2 from mole fraction xCO2. Method is described in Ogundare et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 and similar method in the Arctic Ocean is described in Fransson et al (2017), doi: 10.1002/2016JC012478.","title":"Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in Nov 2025 in the southeast-north of Svalbard, Arctic Ocean (ICOS) from R/V Kronprins Haakon ","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"MARINE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE","variableLevel2":"CARBON DIOXIDE PARTIAL PRESSURE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[22.25055,70.493022],[13.561055,77.603541],[8.821441,79.447031],[16.293153,80.101488],[14.262578,81.243812],[5.949136,79.105369],[22.25055,70.493022]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Agneta","lastName":"Fransson","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"agneta.fransson@npolar.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Ceslav","lastName":"Czyz","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Melissa","lastName":"Chierici","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["processor"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-11-11","endDate":"2025-11-26"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"ba450414-6b80-46ef-addc-fb8f690e6282"},{"id":"19a07bd5-5980-44f4-ad87-f439b976ca32","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.19a07bd5","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((20.01261 70.061455,13.946262 77.664267,8.549586 79.868007,23.236337 80.60969,22.338934 82.341574,5.956385 79.647626,9.755694 76.106805,20.01261 70.061455)))","bbox":[5.956385,70.061455,23.236337,82.341574],"createdBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","modifiedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","publishedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","created":"2026-01-14T10:04:43Z","modified":"2026-01-16T08:48:47Z","published":"2026-01-14T10:19:59Z","content":{"summary":"Continuous surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data was collected (at 4m) in 2025 in the Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin), and soutwest-north of Svalbard (ICOS, GoNorth) in both ice-free and ice-covered Arctic waters using the R/V Kronprins Haakon from 27 Nov to 16 Dec in 2025. Data on atmospheric pCO2 is included. Ancillary data of surface water temperature and salinity and atmospheric data are included. ICOS-QuinCE processing program is used for quality control. Cruise ID: 2025007014 Kronprins Haakon. SOCAT dataset: 58US20251127 (Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. 2025) Data published: Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. (2026). Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in 2025 in the Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin) and southwest-north of Svalbard (ICOS, GoNorth) from R/V Kronprins Haakon [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. Method: General Oceanics 8050 continuous pCO2 measurements described in Pierrot et al (2006), CO2 equilibration method with a LiCOR-7000 infrared detector are used installed on the R/V Kronprins Haakon, Norway. The system used 3 standard CO2 gases for calibration and a zero gas. Ancillary data of surface water salinity, temperature, air pressure, temperature, air humidity were used for the calculations of pCO2 and fCO2 from mole fraction xCO2. Method is described in Ogundare et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 and similar method in the Arctic Ocean is described in Fransson et al (2017), doi: 10.1002/2016JC012478.","title":"Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in Nov-Dec 2025 in the Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin) and southwest-north of Svalbard (ICOS, GoNorth) from R/V Kronprins Haakon","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"MARINE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE","variableLevel2":"CARBON DIOXIDE PARTIAL PRESSURE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[20.01261,70.061455],[13.946262,77.664267],[8.549586,79.868007],[23.236337,80.60969],[22.338934,82.341574],[5.956385,79.647626],[9.755694,76.106805],[20.01261,70.061455]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Agneta","lastName":"Fransson","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"AGNETA.FRANSSON@NPOLAR.NO","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Ceslav","lastName":"Czyz","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Melissa","lastName":"Chierici","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["processor"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-11-27","endDate":"2025-12-16"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"f9de440d-6547-4628-a940-35adecee330f"},{"id":"5091ec65-d99d-43d6-85e3-264f5186dc78","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.5091ec65","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((12.407918 77.552953,10.255882 79.009696,-15.856087 80.070025,-17.391947 79.556598,12.407918 77.552953)))","bbox":[-17.391947,77.552953,12.407918,80.070025],"createdBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","modifiedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","publishedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","created":"2026-01-14T09:41:19Z","modified":"2026-01-16T10:14:27Z","published":"2026-01-14T09:50:44Z","content":{"summary":"Continuous surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway in 2025 was collected (at 4m) in the Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean between Longyearbyen and northeast Greenland at 79N (Fram Strait 2025) in both ice-free and ice-covered Arctic waters using the R/V Kronprins Haakon from 27 July to 14 August in 2025. Data on atmospheric pCO2 is included. Ancillary data of surface water temperature and salinity and atmospheric data are included. Cruise ID: 2025007009 Kronprins Haakon. ICOS-QuinCE processing program is used for quality control. SOCAT dataset: 58US20250727 (Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. 2025) Data published: Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. (2026). Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in 2025 in the Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean (ICOS, Fram Strait 2025) from R/V Kronprins Haakon [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute.  Method: General Oceanics 8050 continuous pCO2 measurements described in Pierrot et al (2006), CO2 equilibration method with a LiCOR-7000 infrared detector are used installed on the R/V Kronprins Haakon, Norway. The system used 3 standard CO2 gases for calibration and a zero gas. Ancillary data of surface water salinity, temperature, air pressure, temperature, air humidity were used for the calculations of pCO2 and fCO2 from mole fraction xCO2. Method is described in Ogundare et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 and similar method in the Arctic Ocean is described in Fransson et al (2017), doi: 10.1002/2016JC012478.","title":"Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in July-Aug 2025 in the Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean (ICOS, Fram Strait 2025) from R/V Kronprins Haakon","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"MARINE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE","variableLevel2":"CARBON DIOXIDE PARTIAL PRESSURE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[12.407918,77.552953],[10.255882,79.009696],[-15.856087,80.070025],[-17.391947,79.556598],[12.407918,77.552953]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Agneta","lastName":"Fransson","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"agneta.fransson@npolar.no","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Ceslav","lastName":"Czyz","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Melissa","lastName":"Chierici","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"name":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["processor"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-07-27","endDate":"2025-08-14"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"3ca04cba-9ece-4907-b3cc-58d7dfa9a573"},{"id":"949a3cd1-b194-43ae-a33f-95fa29af5239","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.949a3cd1","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((8.372321 79.576941,23.384151 80.712298,30.22377 84.241454,31.501636 79.394838,28.260359 79.610294,24.83049 80.366767,8.372321 79.576941)),LINESTRING(14.133028 77.674662,8.372321 79.576941))","bbox":[8.372321,77.674662,31.501636,84.241454],"createdBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","modifiedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","publishedBy":"71ebd9b1-b951-40ad-bd45-53987103e237","created":"2026-01-14T09:03:32Z","modified":"2026-01-15T13:08:00Z","published":"2026-01-14T09:27:55Z","content":{"summary":"Continuous surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data was collected in 2025 (at 4m) in the Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin), north and northeast of Svalbard  (A-TWAIN 2025) in both ice-free and ice-covered Arctic waters using the R/V Kronprins Haakon from 22 Oct to 10 Nov in 2025.   Data on atmospheric pCO2 is included. Ancillary data of surface water temperature and salinity and atmospheric data are included. Cruise ID: 2025007012 Kronprins Haakon. ICOS-QuinCE processing program is used for quality control. SOCAT dataset: 58US20251022 (Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. 2025). Data published: Fransson, A., Czyz C., Chierici, M. (2026). Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in 2025 in the Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin), north of Svalbard  (A-TWAIN 2025) from R/V Kronprins Haakon [Data set]. Norwegian Polar Institute. Method: General Oceanics 8050 continuous pCO2 measurements described in Pierrot et al (2006), CO2 equilibration method with a LiCOR-7000 infrared detector are used  installed on the RV Kronprins Haakon, Norway. The system used 3 standard CO2 gases for calibration and a zero gas. Ancillary data of surface water salinity, temperature, air pressure,  temperature, air humidity were used for the calculations of pCO2 and fCO2 from mole fraction xCO2.  Method is described in Ogundare et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 and similar method in the Arctic Ocean is described in Fransson et al (2017), doi: 10.1002/2016JC012478.\n","title":"Surface water pCO2 and fCO2 underway data in Oct-Nov 2025 in the Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin) and north of Svalbard  (ICOS, A-TWAIN 2025) from R/V Kronprins Haakon","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"MARINE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING"},{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"OCEANS","term":"OCEAN CHEMISTRY","variableLevel1":"CARBON DIOXIDE"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[8.372321,79.576941],[23.384151,80.712298],[30.22377,84.241454],[31.501636,79.394838],[28.260359,79.610294],[24.83049,80.366767],[8.372321,79.576941]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[14.133028,77.674662],[8.372321,79.576941]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Agneta","lastName":"Fransson","organisation":"NORSK POLARINSTITUTT","email":"AGNETA.FRANSSON@NPOLAR.NO","roles":["author","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Ceslav","lastName":"Czyz","organisation":"Norsk Polarinstitutt","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Melissa","lastName":"Chierici","organisation":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["author","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","originator","owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"},{"name":"Institute of Marine Research","roles":["processor"]}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"2025-10-22","endDate":"2025-11-10"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"d5a66ab5-346e-474d-871a-a793b553cea7"},{"id":"b73c10a9-615e-4270-bada-65fa681741a8","doi":"10.21334/npolar.2026.b73c10a9","geometry":"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-58.732445 67.571601,44.245011 80.117614,27.554757 69.510575,-44.607046 56.640805,-58.732445 67.571601)))","bbox":[-58.732445,56.640805,44.245011,80.117614],"createdBy":"b6699b85-0109-4451-a460-f216c44d3cb5","modifiedBy":"fe1c1215-cadd-47f5-8c98-b92559725f29","publishedBy":"b6699b85-0109-4451-a460-f216c44d3cb5","created":"2026-01-05T07:36:45Z","modified":"2026-02-02T10:07:59Z","published":"2026-01-05T07:56:12Z","content":{"summary":"These abundance time-series are from seven fjord or coastal areas from East and West Greenland, Svalbard, and Northern Norway. These data originate from specific monitoring programmes, from opportunistic at-sea observations, or from harvest statistics. Only data at the species’ level have been included, and the dataset includes 500 time-series (total of 5902 abundance data points) from 192 species (marine mammals, seabirds, fish, zooplankton, zoobenthos). Data have been used,  and are described in details, in Descamps et al. PNAS Nexus 2026. ","title":"Abundance time-series of Arctic species in coastal ecosystems","keywords":[{"category":"EARTH SCIENCE","topic":"BIOSPHERE","term":"ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS","variableLevel1":"COMMUNITY DYNAMICS","variableLevel2":"BIODIVERSITY FUNCTIONS"}],"geojson":{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-58.732445,67.571601],[44.245011,80.117614],[27.554757,69.510575],[-44.607046,56.640805],[-58.732445,67.571601]]]},"properties":{"projection":"EPSG3575"}}]},"people":[{"firstName":"Sebastien","lastName":"Descamps","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"descamps@npolar.no","orcid":"0000-0003-0590-9013","roles":["author","editor","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","processor"]},{"firstName":"Kit","lastName":"Kovacs","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"kovacs@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor"]},{"firstName":"Flemming","lastName":"Merkel","organisation":"Greenland Institute of Natural Resources","email":"frm@ecos.au.dk","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Paul","lastName":"Renaud","organisation":"Akvaplan-niva","email":"per@akvaplan.niva.no","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Arunima","lastName":"Sen","organisation":"UNIS","email":"arunimas@unis.no","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Janne","lastName":"Søreide","organisation":"UNIS","email":"arunimas@unis.no","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Allison","lastName":"Bailey","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Lis","lastName":"Jørgensen","organisation":"IMR","email":"lis.lindal.joergensen@hi.no","roles":["author","editor"]},{"firstName":"Laurene","lastName":"Merillet","email":"laurene.merillet@gmail.com","roles":["author","processor"]},{"firstName":"Geir","lastName":"Systad","organisation":"NINA","email":"geir.systad@nina.no","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Anette","lastName":"Wold","organisation":"Norwegian Polar Institute","email":"wold@npolar.no","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Kai","lastName":"Bischof","organisation":"University of Bremen","email":"geir.systad@nina.no","roles":["author","editor","processor"]},{"firstName":"Børge","lastName":"Moe","organisation":"NINA","email":"borge.moe@nina.no","roles":["author","editor","processor"]}],"organisations":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute","roles":["owner","pointOfContact","principalInvestigator","resourceProvider"],"email":"data@npolar.no","url":"https://npolar.no"}],"timeframes":[{"startDate":"1993-06-01","endDate":"2023-08-31"}]},"type":"public","seriesId":"c08bddf8-8fc7-4e4b-8d39-d0171b12a6e6"}],"count":0}